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PC 3D Graphics Accelerators FAQ


v 0.9
27 September 1995


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[*]http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~bm/3dcards/3d-cards1.html
[*]http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~bm/3dcards/3d-cards2.html
[*]ftp://ftp.cs.columbia.edu/pub/bm/3d-cards.1
[*]ftp://ftp.cs.columbia.edu/pub/bm/3d-cards.2


Changes and additions to [*]bm@cs.columbia.edu 

This document provides a partial--and not comprehensive--list 
of 3D graphics accelerators for PCs. In particular, I am interested 
in PCI-based accelerators. You can help make it more comprehensive 
by sending me additional information and/or updates. This information 
is abstracted and condensed from the posts of many different contributors. 
No guarantees are made regarding its accuracy. 

The original motivation for this document came from a list of accelerators 
compiled by Chris Hinch, Management Information Systems, Dunedin 
City Council, PO Box 5045, Dunedin, New Zealand ([*]chris@dcc.govt.nz) 


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˙˙˙
˙˙˙Changes since version 0.8
New entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]CS05) NVidia/SGS-THOMSON NV1/STG-2000 Multimedia Accelerators 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]GLINT08) Creative Labs' 3D Blaster 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT09) Microstep AGC-3D 
˙˙˙[*]NVIDEA01) Diamond Edge 3D Accelerators 

Changed entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]GLINT02) Working URL added. Better information. 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT03) now available 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT04) Change entry name to Omnicomp 3Demon VR 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT05) now available in Europe 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT06) now available in Japan 
˙˙˙[*]ARTIST01) Was the B09) entry in v0.8, but was moved due 
˙˙˙to reorganization. 
˙˙˙[*]B01) Added information on the AG500 


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.7
New entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]CS04) ARTIST Graphics 3GA Graphics Processor 
˙˙˙B09) ARTIST 2000 


˙˙˙[*]Older changes at the end 


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TODO: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙organize the information a bit better, remove some extraneous or 
˙˙˙duplicate info. 
˙˙˙answer some frequently asked questions 
˙˙˙get more hard data comparing the boards, such as the output of 
˙˙˙the OpenGL viewperf program. If any manufacturers want to 
˙˙˙send me a demo unit, or donate one to our group, my address 
˙˙˙is above. 
˙˙˙add more info, as people request and provide it! 


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contents of Part 1


˙˙˙[*]Introduction 
˙˙˙[*]Disclaimer 
˙˙˙[*]Section I: Frequently Asked Questions 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]Q01) Are there any 3D graphics accelerators for PCs? 
˙˙˙[*]Q02) How does the performance of these cards compare to 
˙˙˙graphics workstations such as those produced by SGI, Sun,
˙˙˙DEC, etc? 


˙˙˙[*]Section II: 3D Chipsets 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]CS01) 3DLabs GLINT 300SX 
˙˙˙[*]CS02) Lockheed Martin Real3D (not yet available) 
˙˙˙[*]CS03) S-MOS SPC1500 Geometry Processor 
˙˙˙[*]CS04) ARTIST Graphics 3GA Graphics Processor 
˙˙˙[*]CS05) NVidia/SGS-THOMSON NV1/STG-2000 Multimedia Accelerators 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙[*]Section III: Boards using Chips in Section II 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]GLINT01) Omnicomp 3DEMON 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT02) Fujitsu Sapphire 2SX 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT03) ELSA GLoria 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT04) Omnicomp 3Demon VR (was Media Labs Inc. 3DMedia) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]GLINT05) SPEA FireGL 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT06) Force Inc. 3DE-300SX 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT07) Densan PCI-300SX (availability unknown) 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT08) Creative Labs' 3D Blaster 
˙˙˙[*]GLINT09) Microstep AGC-3D 
˙˙˙[*]R3D01) Lockheed Martin R3D/100 (not yet available) 
˙˙˙[*]ARTIST01) ARTIST Graphics 2000 Series 
˙˙˙[*]NVIDEA01) Diamond Edge 3D Accelerators 


Contents of Part 2


˙˙˙[*]Section V: Other boards 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙[*]B01) AccelGraphics AG300 and AG500 
˙˙˙[*]B02) ISC PowerGL 
˙˙˙[*]B03) Evans &amp Sutherland Freedom 
˙˙˙[*]B04) Matrox Impression Plus 
˙˙˙[*]B05) Oki TrianGL 
˙˙˙[*]B06) Intergraph GLZ Series 
˙˙˙[*]B07) Division's VPX Image Generator and ProVision Systems 
˙˙˙[*]B08) Reality Simulation Systems Little Squirt 


---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Introduction


The original motivation for compiling this list was to compare 
the features of various 3D graphics accelerators becoming available 
for microcomputers. In particular, I am interested in PCI-based 
cards which support OpenGL under Windows NT, Linux, Solaris x86 
(none yet!), etc. and support stereo head mounted displays. 
(In fact, of the currently available boards, only one qualifies. 
See if you can figure out which one.) 

Information which falls in that category will obviously be more 
complete. Other information will be included if someone sends it 
to me, but I won't be actively researching it myself. As such, 
there is little or no information right now about 3D accelerators 
for high-end machines such as those produced by SGI, Sun, HP,
DEC, etc, except as the ones listed may also work in those machines. 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Disclaimer


I haven't seen or used many of these cards, and all figures are the 
manufacturers own, as near as I can verify. I am not promoting 
any one card or company over any other. Any anecdotes, speed 
comparisons, etc., that I collect will be included on a purely 
informational level. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. Of course, I will 
not include anything I do not believe or know to be false. 

No representation is made as to the accuracy of these figures/technical 
specs. If you are going to buy/bet the farm/otherwise invest 
in one of these products, CONTACT THE MANUFACTURER first and 
make sure that what you want is what you'll get!!! 

CAVEAT EMPTOR!!! 

All trademarks etc are copyright of their respective owners etc. 
etc. 

Furthermore, many of these boards are not yet available, so you 
should find out delivery dates before getting your heart set on 
any given one. 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Section I: Frequently Asked Questions

[[*]return to index] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q01) Are there any 3D graphics accelerators for PCs?


I'm glad you asked. There are quite a few, with more coming out 
all the time. See the rest of this document for more information. 


(Ok, it's a stupid question, but I needed something in the FAQ section) 


Q02) How does the performance of these cards compare to graphics 
workstations such as those produced by SGI, Sun, DEC, etc?


This question is difficult to answer because there are so many factors 
affecting the overall 3D performance on a PC. Most importantly, 
while many of the boards listed below have impressive numbers in 
terms of maximum number of polygons/second, most only accelerate 
rendering. What this means is that you are still bounded by the speed 
at which your processor can transform a 3D data stream to a 2D perspective 
with lighting and material effects and then ship these numbers over 
the bus to the graphics card. So, the processor, processor speed,
bus type and speed, software design, etc., all effect the final throughput. 
Thus, a board may perform differently on two different machines that 
have the same "specs" (ie. 90Mhz Pentium, PCI bus) if the bus was 
designed differently, or if there are other cards on the bus taking 
up bandwidth. 

What is really needed is a set of comprehensive benchmarks that give 
some more realistic numbers about the various combinations of hardware. 
The NCGA (National Computer Graphics Association) GPC (Graphics Performance 
Committee) (comprised of the major vendors along with UNC and SDSC) 
is an organization primarily concerned with developing benchmark 
standards and performance characterizations for graphics hardware. 


Check out
[*]http://sunsite.unc.edu/gpc/gpc.html
for information about the GPC activities. 

Unfortunately, the GPC Quarterly is about US$200/year, which is beyond 
my budget. Thus, to get their benchmark results, you'll have to 
talk to them. However, the benchmarking tool they use to measure 
OpenGL performance, called Viewperf, is available for free. From 
the README that comes with Viewperf: 


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

What is this Thing Called 'Viewperf'
-----------------------------------
Rob Putney, OPC Vice Chairman
4/21/95

Viewperf is a portable OpenGL performance benchmark program 
written in C. It was developed by IBM. Viewperf provides a vast amount of 
flexibility in benchmarking OpenGL performance. At the current time, 
the program runs on most implementations of UNIX, Windows NT, and OS/2.
The OpenGL Performance Characterization (OPC) Committee has endorsed 
Viewperf as its first OpenGL benchmark and results 
were first published using it in 4Q94 version of The GPC Quarterly.

OPC member companies have ported the Viewperf code to their operating
system and window environments. The OPC Committee maintains a single
source code version of the Viewperf code that is available to the 
public.


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


In future versions of this FAQ, performance measurements will be 
added in another section at the end. Stay tuned. If you have any 
measurements using Viewperf, please send them to me ([*]bm@cs.columbia.edu) 


Viewperf can currently be obtained from 
[*]ftp://net1.uspro.fairfax.va.us/pub/gpc/opc/viewperf/
If that directory does not work, try looking on the OpenGL home page 
at
[*]http://www.sgi.com/Technology/openGL/opengl.html which should 
contain a pointer to ViewPerf. 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Section II: 3D Chipsets available now or in the near future.

There are numerous 3D chipsets being worked on, but these 2 happen 
to be the ones I have detailed information both on the chips and 
on boards built using them. If I get more information on other chips,
I will include them here. 

[[*]return to index] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CS01) 3DLabs GLINT 300SX


First, a comment about the GLINT 300SX chip, which I will make because 
it was not clear to me when I first read their specs. They mention 
texture mapping acceleration, but on the 300SX texture maps are held 
in host memory and per pixel information is sent to the chip which 
performs the necessary interpolations and applications. For the upcoming 
300TX, the texture maps are held in local memory on the graphics 
card (the "localbuffer") and the host just sends per vertex information 
to the chip which performs all the texture mapping calculations. 


Information on the 300SX can be obtained from the 3DLabs home page 
at 
[*]http://www.3Dlabs.com/3Dlabs/ or by sending email to [*]info@3Dlabs.com. 


The technical specs below were copied directly from the page [*]http://www.3Dlabs.com/3Dlabs/300SXinf.html 


GLINT 300SX Overview


The GLINT 300SX high performance graphics processor combines workstation 
class 3D graphics acceleration and state-of-the-art 2D performance 
in a single chip. 

GLINT is capable of processing 300,000 shaded, depth buffered and 
anti-aliased polygons/second. The chip provides complete 32-bit color,
2D and 3D acceleration, an on-chip PCI-compliant local bus interface 
and integrated LUT-DAC control, making a complete graphics subsystem 
possible with minimal chip count. 

All the rendering operations of OpenGL are accelerated by the GLINT 
300SX, including Gouraud shading, depth buffering, anti-aliasing,
alpha blending, and texture mapping. 


3D ACCELERATION 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙100% OpenGL compliant rendering operations in hardware 
˙˙˙Point, line, rectangle and polygon primitives 
˙˙˙Gouraud shading, depth buffering, anti-aliasing, dithering, depth 
˙˙˙cueing, texture map filtering and alpha blending 
˙˙˙2.5 Giga operations per second 
˙˙˙300K Gouraud shaded, depth buffered triangles/sec 


2D AND GUI ACCELERATION 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙True color acceleration of window systems such as Win32 and X11 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Accelerated bitBLT, line drawing, fills, text and window clipping 
˙˙˙

SPECIAL FEATURES 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙64-bit hyper-pipelined architecture 
˙˙˙Vertex level interface 
˙˙˙112-bit pixel datapath to memory 
˙˙˙High quality 16 and 8-bpp dithering of 24-bit graphics images 
˙˙˙Fast frame and depth buffer clears 
˙˙˙Shared framebuffer interface for easy multimedia integration 
˙˙˙VRAM block fill and bit masking 
˙˙˙Anti-aliasing for high quality images at 4x4 and 8x8 sub-pixel 
˙˙˙resolution 


DISPLAY MODES 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Resolutions up to 2560x2048 
˙˙˙8, 16 or 32-bits per pixel RGBA and 4 or 8-bit color indexed 
˙˙˙Packed 8, 16 and 32-bit pixels 
˙˙˙Supports advanced modes: double buffering, stereo and overlays 
˙˙˙

GLINT 300SX Graphics Architecture


The GLINT 300SX delivers 3D and GUI rendering functionality to improve 
the performance and quality of graphics applications and APIs.

˙˙˙
˙˙˙Gouraud shading 
˙˙˙Depth buffering 
˙˙˙Anti-aliasing 
˙˙˙Dithering 
˙˙˙Depth cueing and fog 
˙˙˙Texture mapping 
˙˙˙Scissor and stipple masking 
˙˙˙Alpha blending 
˙˙˙Logical Operations (e.g. XOR) 


The unique hyper-pipelined architecture and 112-bit memory datapath 
ensure that multiple rendering operations can be combined with no 
performance penalty - allowing a Gouraud shaded polygon to be processed 
just as fast when depth buffering, dithering and anti-aliasing are 
enabled. 

FRAMEBUFFER CONTROLLER 

The 64/32-bit framebuffer controller directly interfaces to VRAM 
or DRAM framebuffers and supports a wide range of pixel depths, resolutions 
and memory sizes - enabling systems to be tuned to meet specific 
price/performance targets. 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1-32 MBytes VRAM or DRAM 
˙˙˙8,16 or 32-bit RGBA color 
˙˙˙4 or 8-bit color indexed 
˙˙˙2, 4, 8 pixels per 64-bit word 
˙˙˙640x480 to 2560x2048 
˙˙˙VRAM arbitrary shape block fill 
˙˙˙VRAM bit masking 
˙˙˙Framebuffer bypass mode 


LOCALBUFFER CONTROLLER 

The localbuffer holds optional off-screen information for each pixel 
including; depth (Z) values, stencil data, arbitrary window clip 
planes, plus a control field for fast window clearing. The format 
for each field is user defined, up to a maximum of 48 bits. 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙0-48 MBytes DRAM 
˙˙˙0-48-bits wide
Depth: 0, 16, 24, 32-bit
Stencil: 0, 4, 8-bit
Window clipping: 0, 4-bit
Fast depth clear: 4, 8-bit 
˙˙˙Localbuffer bypass mode 


INTEGRATED VIDEO TIMING 

An internal timing generator and VRAM transfer controller are incorporated 
into the GLINT 300SX processor. Advanced systems requiring overlays,
stereo, interlace or very large framebuffers can be supported using 
an external timing generator. 

SHARED FRAMEBUFFER 

The GLINT 300SX's on-chip shared framebuffer interface is a fully 
integrated implementation of S3's interface, allowing GLINT to use 
video and multimedia co-processors, or for the GLINT to be used as 
a 3D coprocessor to an S3 device. 

UPGRADE PATH 

The GLINT 300SX is the first of a family of GLINT graphics processors 
that are designed to meet the demands of the graphics designer. The 
GLINT300TX, is a second generation pin compatible processor that 
enhances the SX's texture capabilities - supporting local texture 
storage and pixel address generation for all OpenGL texturing modes. 


NOTICE: 3Dlabs reserves the right to change the above specifications 
without notice. 

From looking at the various boards, it appears that typical performance 
quotes are in the following range: 


˙˙˙3D Gouraud shaded, depth buffered, window clipped, stippled, dithered,
˙˙˙and alpha tested rendering performance with 24-bit RGB color 
˙˙˙depth is the following: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙300K 25 pixel triangles/sec 
˙˙˙500K 10 pixel vectors/sec 
˙˙˙8M independent points/second 
˙˙˙500K 9x13 pixels characters/second 


˙˙˙2D Graphics performance 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1M 10 pixel vectors/sec 
˙˙˙500K 10x10 pixel, flat shaded rectangles/sec 
˙˙˙500K 9x13 pixels characters/second 
˙˙˙Scroll Rate 48M pixels/second - 8 bits/pixel 


[[*]return to index] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CS02) Lockheed Martin Real3D


Information on the Lockheed Martin Read3D chipset was obtained from 
their WWW server at the following URL:
[*]http://www.mmc.com/real3d/
Check there for more information, or call 1-800-393-7730, or send 
email to [*]real3d@mmc.com. 

The following is taken from a press release found at that site: 

The REAL3D(tm) chipset is based on real-time computer image generation 
technology that gives a combination of dynamic response and realism 
previously available only on dedicated graphics workstations and 
high end custom image generators. 

The first product will be the R3D/100 graphics accelerator. Key 
performance attributes of the new chip set include an embedded 100 
MFLOPS geometry processor, pixel write rates of up to 33 million 
pixels per second, up to 750,000 polygons per second, line processing 
up to 1.5 million per second, and provides up to 192 color texture 
maps (128 x 128 mipmapped) in real-time. 

The new product is an outgrowth of Lockheed Martin's proprietary 
computer graphics technology previously used in high performance 
military simulation, engineering research and training applications 
first developed for astronaut training and military flight simulators. 


The chip set provides faster processing through its patented hardware 
design which incorporates geometry processing, rasterization and 
texture mapping. The R3D/100 embedded floating point geometry processor 
removes significant processing burden from the host CPU. The patented 
texture processor applies color mipmapped texture to polygons in 
true 3D corrected perspective. 

Designed as a true polygon processor with texture processing and 
scaleable texture memory from the outset, the R3D/100 chip set includes 
dedicated hardware acceleration of mipmapped texturing that provides 
continuous high fidelity image quality. This chip set simulates spotlights,
fog and realistic curved surfaces. Additionally, improved image quality 
is provided with multi-pass anti-aliasing. 

The R3D/100 chip set directly interfaces with Microsoft 3D/DDI and 
supports all 3D/DDI-compliant APIs, such as OpenGL(tm) and comes 
with device driver software and a device driver kit. 

[[*]return to index] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CS03) S-MOS SPC1500 3D Graphics Geometry Processor


S-MOS Systems is offering the industry's first commercially available 
single chip 3D geometry accelerator for the PC marketplace. 

The SPC1500 will work together with any 3D rendering processors to 
accelerate 3D graphics up to 300K+ lighted triangles per second. 


Why is geometry processing acceleration important?
Rendering processors alone, even on Pentium class machines, can not 
deliver true workstation class performance. This is because even 
the fastest CPUs today are quickly overcome by the amount of algorithmic 
processing necessary to transform a 3D data stream to a 2D perspective 
with lighting and material effects. 

The SPC1500 integrates a 150Mflop dual floating point engine, an 
on-chip DMA processor, on-chip ROM to store the algorithm instruction 
set, and an on-chip RAM cache to store customer instructions in a 
single 223 pin PGA package. 

Easy integration 
S-MOS Systems provides a complete design package for the system integrator 
and board vendor..... 

PCI Reference Designs
S-MOS Systems provides reference designs and evaluation kits showing 
the capabilities of the SPC1500 running OpenGL on the WindowsNT platform. 
Full technical manuals, electronic gerber files, and applications 
notes are available. 

WindowsNT and OS/2 Support
S-MOS Systems provides OpenGL compliant software and system utilities 
for the WindowsNT platform. This software supports any rendering 
board (2D or 3D) that supports 3D DDI. It will also supports direct 
data transfer to the leading 3D rendering board vendors. 

MacOS Support
S-MOS Systems will will support software drivers and system utilities 
for Quickdraw3D. 

An Acrobat version of the SPC1500 Datasheet is available via their 
page at
[*]http://www.smos.com/standard/spc1500.htm 

For more information contact Giri Venkat, Product Marketing Engineer,
S-MOS Systems (E-Mail: [*]venkat@smos.com). 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CS04) ARTIST Graphics 3GA Graphics Processor


The 3GA is a 2D and 3D graphics coprocessor with a fast VGA core 
which means that boards designed around the 3GA will not only run 
the next generation of software, but will run the software programs 
of today faster than ever before. Bus support for PCI, ISA, and MicroChannel 
means that the 3GA is one of the most flexible graphics chips available,
as well as the most powerful. 

The 3GA's features include built-in Windows acceleration, 2D and 
3D lines, flat-shading, Gouraud-shading, and texture-mapping. Initial 
benchmarks show that the 3GA is significantly faster than the S3 
968 Windows accelerator. 

Technical information about the [*]chip design is also available,
and if you have Acrobat, you can view the full [*]24 page datasheet. 


Information on the 3GA can be obtained from the ARTIST Graphics home 
page at 
[*]http://artgraphics.com/ 

The technical specs below were copied directly from that page. 
Features

High performance 3D graphics processor 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙16 bit Z-buffer for automatic hidden surface removal 
˙˙˙Secondary 16 bit Z-buffer for arbitrary frontal Z clipping 
˙˙˙Gouraud shading for realistic 3D rendering 
˙˙˙Dithering for superior shading at 8 and 16 bits per pixel 
˙˙˙Texture mapping to map 2D textures onto 3D surfaces 
˙˙˙Six arithmetic raster operations (Add, Add with Saturation, 
˙˙˙Sub, Sub with Saturation, Min, Max) 

Powerful 2D GUI accelerator 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Accelerated drawing at 8, 16, 24 and 32 bits per pixel 
˙˙˙256 Microsoft Windows raster operations in hardware 
˙˙˙Color expanding BitBLTs provide extremely fast text 
˙˙˙On-chip 8 x 8 color expanding pattern 
˙˙˙Variable sized color pattern up to 64 x 64 pixels 
˙˙˙Rectangular and arbitrary region clipping 
˙˙˙Multicolored "styled" lines and polylines 
˙˙˙Eight stencil modes 

Display controller 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙VRAM based display controller for maximum performance 
˙˙˙Supports displays up to 2048 x 2048 pixels 
˙˙˙Refresh rates up to 90Hz at 1600 x 1200 resolution 
˙˙˙VESA DPMS support for green applications 

Video interface 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Shared frame buffer interface for multimedia 
˙˙˙Supports S3 Vision/VA full video with a shared frame buffer 

Flexible local memory 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙64 bit wide memory bus 
˙˙˙VRAM block write support 
˙˙˙Supports 1 to 4 megabytes VRAM display memory 
˙˙˙Supports 0 to 8 megabytes of off screen DRAM for Z-buffers, fonts,
˙˙˙etc. 

Single chip accelerator 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙On-chip 32 bit VGA for fast DOS performance 
˙˙˙Support for Microsoft Plug & Play ISA specification 
˙˙˙Interfaces directly to VESA VL-Bus and PCI with no glue logic 
˙˙˙Interfaces to ISA bus with two 74F245 buffers 
˙˙˙128 byte host FIFO for passing data and commands 
˙˙˙240 pin plastic quad flat pack 
˙˙˙50 MHz clock frequency 

Software drivers 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Windows 3.1, Windows NT, Windows '95, OS/2 2.1 and OS/2 Warp 
˙˙˙AutoCAD 
˙˙˙Hoops 
˙˙˙OpenGL 
˙˙˙3D APIs: Argonaut BRender, Criterion Software RenderWare, Rendermorphic 
˙˙˙Reality Lab, Inter 3DR 


System Overview

A graphics system designed around the 3GA graphics accelerator requires 
only VRAM, a video DAC, clock generator, and a small number of external 
buffers. The 3GA graphics accelerator supports a 64 bit wide data 
path to its local memory array and contains interfaces to an external 
clock generator, DAC, and ROM BIOS. 

Performance

Estimated performance, based on 8 bits per pixel, 10 pixel lines,
50 pixel triangles, 90 MHz Pentium CPU, PCI bus. 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

2D lines........................................1,600,000 lines/second
3D lines (shades, Z-buffered).....................280,000 lines/second
2D texture mapped triangles........................75,000 triangles/second
3D texture mapped triangles (Z-buffered)...........65,000 triangles/second
3D Gouraud shaded triangles (Z-buffered)..........110,000 triangles/second
Screen-to-screen BitBLTs.......................80,000,000 pixels/second
Memory-to-screen BitBLTs (color expanding)....245,000,000 pixels/second
Fill rate...................................1,100,000,000 pixels/second


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
CONTACT INFORMATION: 

You can contact the [*]ARTIST Sales Team on the Web, or by phone 
at: 

-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Tel: (800) 627 8478
(612) 631 7800
Fax: (612) 631 7802


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
or by sending email to [*]sales@artgraphics.com 

COMMENTS:
There is OpenGL support under NT. 

[[*]return to index] 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CS05) NVidia/SGS-THOMSON NV1/STG-2000 Multimedia Accelerators

The information I currently have is from the press releases on the 
NVIDEA Home page at
[*]http://www.nvidea.com/ 

NVIDIA Corporation and SGS-THOMSON, today announced the introduction 
of the NV1 and STG2000 Multimedia Accelerators. The first complete 
multimedia accelerators, the NV1 and STG2000 represent the culmination 
of a strategic partnership that began over a year ago. The technology 
will deliver powerful multimedia capabilities exceeding that of next 
generation game consoles, while preserving the versatility of the 
personal computer. Available now, they are single-chip Multimedia 
Accelerators that delivers the power of real-time photorealistic 
3D graphics, full-motion video and special effects, and concurrent 
high-fidelity audio for interactive multimedia. 

They feature stunning 3D graphics capabilities with texture-mapping,
lighting effects, and a special feature called video texturing. This 
unique feature allows developers to texture a 3D object with full-
motion video, creating new levels of realism never before possible 
in a PC application. In addition, they deliver concurrent high-fidelity 
wave-table audio, full-motion video acceleration, world-class GUI 
acceleration, enhanced digital game port, and an internal synchronization 
timer for multimedia. 

Market coverage will be provided by two versions of the multimedia 
accelerator. NVIDIA will market and sell the NV1 (VRAM version) while 
SGS-THOMSON will market and sell the STG2000 (DRAM version). Both 
products are available with PCI and VL bus interfaces. The NV1 or 
STG2000 allow leading-edge adapter card and PC OEMs to offer a multimedia 
sub-system with dazzling 3D, wave-table audio, GUI acceleration, 
enhanced game port performance, and video acceleration--on a single-
card with a street price of around $200. 

Information Contacts: 

Bruce Brough, PR Contact
NVIDIA Corporation
Tel : (408) 438-0204
Fax : (408) 438-0204 

J.P. Rossomme, PR Contact
SGS-THOMSON
Tel : (617)259-2534
Fax : (617)259-9423 

COMMENTS:
There are no current plans to do an NT driver, or OpenGL, although 
some third parties have expressed interest. They don't think consumers 
will be running applications on OpenGL or NT. The chips does not 
support texture memory. They do forward texture mapping: specify 
the control points (4 for bilinear, 9 for quadratic surface), specify 
the subdivision of the texture, then write texels. As you write each 
texel the chip computes its location on-screen, optionally computes 
a blend value for it, and it shows up on-screen. 

I'm not sure, but it doesn't not appear to have a Z-buffer, either. 


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Section III: Boards using Chips in Section II 


The descriptions of the boards in this section will attempt to give 
information not common to all boards based on the chips in Section 
II. 

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GLINT01) Omnicomp 3DEMON


FROM THE SPEC SHEET: 

3DEMON 3-D Graphics Accelerator for PCI Local Bus Technical Brief 


The 3DEMON provides workstation class 3-D graphics and high performance 
2-D acceleration using the GLINT (tm) 300SX 3-D processor from 3Dlabs. 


Frame buffer: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙4 Mbyte high speed VRAM 
˙˙˙8,12,16, and 24/32 bits per pixel 


Local buffer: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙4 or 8 Mbyte DRAM 


3DEMON Model SX44 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙4 MByte frame buffer, 4 MByte local buffer 
˙˙˙Double Buffered Resolutions 
800x600 24/32-bit (3-D) 
1024x768 16-bit (3-D) 
˙˙˙Single Buffered Resolutions 
1024x768 24/32-bit (3-D) 
1280x1024 16-bit (2-D) 


3DEMON Model SX48 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙4 MByte frame buffer, 8 MByte local buffer 
˙˙˙Double Buffered Resolutions 
800x600 24/32-bit (3-D) 
1024x768 16-bit (3-D) 
1280x1024 8-bit (3-D) 
˙˙˙Single Buffered Resolutions 
1024x768 24/32-bit (3-D) 
1280x1024 16-bit (3-D) 


Software Compatibility 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Microsoft's implementation of OpenGL under Windows NT (tm) 3.5 
˙˙˙and Windows 95 (tm) (included) 
˙˙˙2-D drivers for Microsoft Windows 3.x, Windows 95, and Windows 
˙˙˙NT 3.5 (included) 
˙˙˙HOOPS, 3DR, and other industry standard 3-D APIs 
˙˙˙Reality Lab, RenderWare, BRender, and other 3-D games APIs 
˙˙˙Accelerated-X drivers for The X-Window System by X-Inside 
˙˙˙Specific applications such as AutoCAD, Microstation, CadKey, and 
˙˙˙3D Studio 


Hardware Compatibility 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Minimum OpenGL platform of Pentium processor, Windows NT 3.5, and 
˙˙˙32MB RAM recommended 
˙˙˙Windows NT 3.5 support for PowerPC and MIPS processors is under 
˙˙˙development 


CONTACT INFORMATION: 

Steve Gillaspy
Omnicomp Graphics Corp.
1734 W. Sam Houston Pkwy N.
Houston, TX. 77043
Phone: 713-464-2990
Fax: 713-827-7540
email: [*]omnicmp@phoenix.phoenix.net 

COMMENTS: From Chris Hinch ([*]chris@dcc.govt.nz): 
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These guys are brilliant - they are responsive, and have been really 
helpful in my own research, often pointing me in the direction of 
other people and companies who can help, as well as showing a solid 
technical understanding of my requirements and making recommendations 
based on that understanding. 

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Here's some pricing information, as of Thursday, 30 March 1995. 
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3DEMON SX44 (4MB VRAM, 4MB DRAM)
-------------------------------
List US$2,170
Educational US$1,995
Quantity 1-9 US$1,845
Quantity 10-24 US$1,715
Quantity 25-99 US$1,605

3DEMON SX48 (4MB VRAM, 8MB DRAM)
-------------------------------
List US$2,590
Educational US$2,380
Quantity 1-9 US$2,200
Quantity 10-24 US$2,045
Quantity 25-99 US$1,915


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GLINT02) Fujitsu Sapphire 2SX


The Sapphire 2SX from [*]Fujitsu Microelectronics, Inc. integrates 
GLINT 300SX technology with a 4MB framebuffer and a 4 MB localbuffer. 
The Sapphire 2SX provides full 32-bit true color at 1024 x 768 resolution 
(maximum is 1600 x 1200). 

Fujitsu Microelectronics has developed a proprietary technology called 
PixelBus which offers unprecedented multi-channel capabilities. PixelBus 
allows you to link multiple Sapphire cards together to get increased 
speed. PixelBus also supports a synchronized output mode for panoramic 
and CAVE display systems. 

Highly optimized drivers for OpenGL, Windows NT, Autocad and 3D Studio 
are currently available and many others are under development. The 
Sapphire 2SX is compatible with Intel and DEC Alpha processors. Support 
for other processors is under development 

For more information contact: 

Hiten Patel
Tel: (408) 922-9770
Fax: (408) 922-9857
E-mail: hpatel@fmi.fujitsu.com
3545 North First Street, MS 255, San Jose, CA 9513l 
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GLINT03) ELSA GLoria


FROM THE SPEC SHEET: 

Based on the S3-Vision968 and 3Dlabs' GLINT 300SX. Has a 250Mhz 
RAMDAC with built-in digital video acceleration provided by the S3 
chip. Includes a DCI driver. Comes with optimized Windows 3.X/NT/'95,
OpenGL and OS/2 drivers and utilities. Includes drivers for multi-
screen support as well as Display List Drivers for MicroStation and 
AutoCAD DOS/Windows for R12/R13/LT. 

3D features are similar to all GLINT 300SX cards. 

GLoria-8 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙8 MByte frame buffer, 8 MByte local buffer, 250Mhz pixel clock 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Double Buffered Resolutions 
up to 1600x1200 at 32-bit per pixel 
1920x1080 at 16-bit 

GLoria-4 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙4 MByte frame buffer, 8 MByte local buffer, 220Mhz pixel clock 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Double Buffered Resolutions 
up to 1024x768 at 32-bit per pixel 
1280x1024 at 24 bpp 
1600x1200 at 16 bpp 
1920x1080 at 8 bpp 


CONTACT INFORMATION:
Joy Li
ELSA Inc. Graphics Corp.
2041 Mission College Blvd.
Suite 165
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: 800-272-3572
Phone: 408-565-9669
Fax: 408-565-9650
email: [*]joyl@elsa-usa.mhs.compuserve.com 

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GLINT04) Omnicomp 3Demon VR


(was Media Labs Inc. 3DMedia)


Formerly the Media Labs Inc. 3DMedia. The name changed when Media 
Labs was aquired by Omnicomp. The former 3DMedia SR (which I'll call 
the 3Dmedia VR (SR?)) is a true high performance 3D accelerator based 
on the 3DLabs GLINT 300SX chip. 

The 3Demon VR (formerly the 3DMedia SX) provides the same features 
as the SR, plus additional features such as genlocking to eliminate 
annoying scrolling bars due to magnetic interference between two 
monitors in a dual-headed configuration. Furthermore, in provides 
an on-board studio quality encoder which outputs video in NTSC, PAL 
or S-Video formats. 


3Demon VR (SR?)

3D Acceleration: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Similar to other GLINT 300SX boards 


Flexible output: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Software selectable standard as well as custom display 
˙˙˙formats, interlaced and non-interlaced, are available with a 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙maximum resolution of two million pixels. 


Optimized Bandwidth 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙PCI local bus, rev 2.0. 
˙˙˙Target and Read Master interface achieves 20M pixel/second sustained 
˙˙˙image download rate. 
˙˙˙Refresh rates in excess of 200Hz. 


Product Specification: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙PCI Rev 2.0 Target and Read Master interface 
˙˙˙4M Byte framebuffer 
˙˙˙4 MByte localbuffer. Extra 4M available as an option. 
˙˙˙Supports 64-bit/pixel, 8/8/8/8 for RGBA, 24-bit depth, 4-bit stencil,
˙˙˙4-bit fast clear 
˙˙˙Double buffering at all resolutions and depths. 
˙˙˙ISO and VESA Display refresh rates. 
˙˙˙Standard and custom resolutions up to 1280x1024. 
˙˙˙Pseudo color, true color and direct color output. 
˙˙˙Color depths of 4/8/12/15/24 bits with alpha channel for RGB color 
˙˙˙formats. 
˙˙˙VGA PAss-through at any VGA resolution and color depth. 
˙˙˙RS-343A Graphics output level. 
˙˙˙Sync-on-green and external TTL sync support. 
˙˙˙FCC Class B certification. 
˙˙˙Output Support:

-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

	RGB Resolution	 NI	 Colors supported	Max Refresh
	in pixels		256	65K	16.7M	 Rates
	1280x1024	 yes	yes	yes		 76
	1152x900	 yes	yes	yes	yes	 100
	1024x768	 yes	yes	yes	yes	 125
	800x600		 yes	yes	yes	yes	 175
	640x480		 yes	yes	yes	yes	 250


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


3Demon VR


All of the features described above, plus: 

More flexible output: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Support for stereoscopic, field sequential RGB and VR displays 
˙˙˙is implemented in hardware reducing host overhead. 
˙˙˙Television and video tape recorders are driven by the studio quality 
˙˙˙encoder. Square pixel, CCIR and 4x video resolutions can be selected 
˙˙˙in NTSC, PAL or S-Video format. 


Phase locking: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Line-lock to external sync signals, such as VGA or other sources,
˙˙˙enables windowing and external video multiplexing. 
˙˙˙An independent 3D window can be opened within the GUI display, 
˙˙˙such as VGA, by activating the line-locking feature. 
˙˙˙Independent color depth between the GUI and 3D graphics is now 
˙˙˙possible, depending on the operating system used. 


Product Specification additions: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Max 135MHz video clock. 
˙˙˙Standard and custom resolutions up to 1600x1200 
˙˙˙Supports standard, stereoscopic, field sequential RGB, VR Glasses 
˙˙˙and other display devices. 
˙˙˙Programmable video clock. 
˙˙˙Line-lock to external sync signals. 
˙˙˙Studio quality encoder with support for different NTSC, PAL, and 
˙˙˙S-Video resolutions. 
˙˙˙Output Support in addition to those above:

-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

	RGB Resolution	 NI	 Colors supported	Max Refresh
	in pixels		256	65K	16.7M	 Rates
	1920x1080		yes	yes		 45
	1600x1280		yes	yes		 50


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


Use the contact information for the [*]3Demon above. The former 
Contact Information:
Media Labs, Inc.
806 Winbern Ste 1
Houston, TX 77002
Tel: (713) 942-0670
Fax: (713) 784-5144 

COMMENTS:
From Blair MacIntyre:

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The SX is available now, the SR is not. The pricing is as follows 
(as of Feb 1, 95): 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

3Demon VR44:					Quantity	Price
	4M VRAM, 4M DRAM, Encoder, Linelock	1-99		US$1895
						100-999		US$1795
						1000+		CALL
3Demon VR48:
	4M VRAM, 8M DRAM, Encoder, Linelock	1-99		US$2295
						100-999		US$2195
						1000+		CALL

3Demon VR (SR?):				Quantity	Price
	4M VRAM, 4M DRAM			1-99		US$1595
						100-999		US$1495
						1000+		CALL
3Demon VR (SR8?):
	4M VRAM, 8M DRAM			1-99		US$1995
						100-999		US$1895
						1000+		CALL


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
One year warranty. 

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GLINT05) SPEA FireGL


(Preliminary Product Information, as of Feb. 95) 

Summary: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Dual processor 2D and 3D Graphics System 
˙˙˙PCI bus Support 


Hardware - 3D Acceleration 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙3Dlabs GLINT 300SX Rendering Processor 
˙˙˙Supports advanced modes : double-buffering, stereo and overlays 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Accelerates OpenGL, HOOPS, SP3D and other 3D API4s 
˙˙˙8 Mbyte local Memory - expandable to 12 Mbyte 


Hardware - 2D Acceleration 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙64-bit S3 Vision968 GUI Accelerator 
˙˙˙175 MHz Pixelclock 
˙˙˙8 Mbyte high speed Video memory (VRAM) 
˙˙˙Multimedia ready through S3 Multimedia extensions 
˙˙˙Integrated Video Acceleration 


Software &amp Miscelleanous 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙100 % OpenGL compatible 
˙˙˙SPEA 3D Software drivers for AutoCAD and MicroStation 
˙˙˙Third party applications based on SP3D, Criterion Renderware, 
˙˙˙RenderMorphics RL, Intel 3DR 
˙˙˙GUI Support : Windows 3.1, Windows 95 and Windows NT 
˙˙˙Multi-lingual documentation 
˙˙˙Software Updates via SPEA BBS or CompuServe 
˙˙˙3 years warranty 


Video Modes 
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Resolution Color depth (bit/pixel) Line Frequency (KHz) Refresh Rate (Hz)
---------- ----------------------- -------------------- -----------------
640 x 480 8, 16, 32 31,5 - 52,5 60 - 100
800 x 600 8, 16, 32 37,9 - 64,0 60 - 100
1024 x 768 8, 16, 32 48,4- 80,9 60 - 100
1280 x 1024 8, 16, (32) 64,0 - 100,0 60 - 95 (75)
1600 x 1200 8, 16 74,5 - 84,6 60 - 68


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


Available now in Europe. 

CONTACT:
[*]David_Fink@spea.ccmail.compuserve.com 

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GLINT06) Force Inc. 3DE-300SX


The 3DE-300SX from Force Inc. combines the GLINT 300SX with 4 Mbytes 
of VRAM and up to 8 Mbytes of DRAM. Both IBM PC-AT Japanese DOS/V 
and NEC PC98 are supported plus Windows NT 3.5, OpenGL and RenderWare 
1.4. 

Available now in Japan. For more detailed information, please contact: 


Kenyu Uema, Manabu Igarashi or Tatsuya Takagi
Tel: +81 3 3490 1172
Fax: +81 3 3490 2277
6-15-9-2F, NishiGotanda Shinagawa-ku,Tokyo 141, Japan 

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GLINT07) Densan PCI-300SX


The PCI-300SX is a GLINT based PCI card including 4 Mbytes of VRAM 
framebuffer, 8 Mbytes of DRAM localbuffer, 64-bit IBM RGB525 RAMDAC 
and VGA pass thru implementation. Optimized drivers are provided 
for Windows NT 3.5 and OpenGL. 

For more detailed information, please contact: 

Tetsuya Kawamoto or Zhang Yuanli
Tel: +81 3 3329 3871
Fax: +81 3 3329 9266
5-42-1, Kamikitazawa Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan 

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GLINT08) Creative Labs' 3D Blaster

The information in this section is taken from the Creative Lab's 
Press release at: [*]http://www.creaf.com/www/corporate/press.htm/p950816a.html 

and from the 3DLabs Press release at: [*]http://www.3Dlabs.com/3Dlabs/3Dblaster.html 


3D Blaster is based on a custom variation of the [*]GLINT 300SX chip 
from 3DLabs that has been optimized for the 3D gaming market. 

3D Blaster is a graphics display card with hardware-accelerated 3D 
rasterization. A fully Plug-n-Play product, 3D Blaster delivers 
compelling 640x480 resolution by 16-bit color at an engaging 30 frames 
per second. It also supprts perspective corrected texture mapped 
images. The system also features double buffered graphics, Z buffering,
alpha transparency, hardware fogging and texture anti-aliasing. 

The Creative Labs 3D Blaster card operates as a 2D Windows accelerator 
and 3D graphics accelerator. It comes with 2 megabytes of memory. 


Minimum system requirements suggested for use with the 3D Blaster 
include: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙IBM-compatible PC VESA VL bus (PCI to be available 1996) 
˙˙˙486-DX2 running at 66 Mhz 
˙˙˙4 MB RAM 
˙˙˙Windows 3.1 or higher 


The VL-bus version of 3D Blaster will be available in November, 
1995, at an estimated street price of about $349. A PCI version of 
3D Blaster will be available in the first quarter of 1996. 

CONTACT INFORMATION 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Theresa Pulido Lisa Kimura
Creative Labs, Inc. Copithorne & Bellows
(408) 428-6600, ext. 6416 (415) 284-5200, ext. 209


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GLINT09) Microstep AGC-3D


MicroStep, Inc., a California based company, specializes in the design 
and manufacture of high performance computer graphics and imaging 
controllers. Within 10 years, the company has developed a full line 
of graphics products, including the world's highest resolution display 
controller. 

AGC-3D is the first of MicroStep's 3D graphics accelerator family. 
Based on the GLINT 300SX chip from 3Dlabs, AGC-3D delivers workstation 
class performance for all 2D and 3D rendering operations, including 
Gouraud shading, anti-aliasing, depth buffering, alpha blending and 
texture mapping assistance. 

AGC-3D incorporate 4MB of VRAM for display memory, 4/8MB of DRAM 
for Z-buffering, stencil, etc., and PCI local bus. The supported 
display modes include 1280x1024x16, 1152x900x24 and 1024x768x16 double 
buffering, etc. 

Availability: Q3, 1995 

For more information contact: 

Ping Hu
Tel: (818) 964 5048
Fax: (818) 964 6278
17800 Castleton Street, Suite 135, City of Industry, CA 91748. 

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R3D01) Lockheed Martin R3D/100


Based on the [*]R3D/100 chipset described above. No other information 
available. 

CONTACT INFORMATION:
email: [*]real3d@mmc.com
voice: 800-393-7730
fax: 407-826-3358 

COMMENTS:
From Chris Hinch ([*]chris@dcc.govt.nz):

-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Contact these people and ask for the glossy brochure - WOW!!!! (ok,
so I'm not being objective...I like poring over glossy brochures 
as much as the next person...*grin*) 

Their staff were also really helpful and responsive. 

Apparently, application notes will be available in August of this 
year, with sample chipsets and reference boards available in November. 
Production quantities will be available in the first quarter of 1996. 
Price for the reference board is in the US$2,800 area. 

-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
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ARTIST01) ARTIST Graphics 2000 Series

These graphics boards have been specifically designed to accelerate 
PC CAD programs. They contain the [*]3GA chipset: 
ARTIST 2000

This high speed, high power graphics controller accelerates all graphic 
intensive programs including Windows and OS/2. See the 2000 Pro 
for details. 
ARTIST 2000 Pro

This card is the ARTIST 2000 bundled with high-speed CAD drivers 
and graphical application software designed to accelerate CAD development. 
Supports PCI, VL and ISA buses. 

The ARTIST 2000 Pro is available with two and four MB of VRAM. The 
processor, memory and DAC were carefully selected and integrated 
with GT Express Professional, ARTIST's CAD utility software, to create 
the ideal controller for the CAD marketplace. You get ARTIST's legendary 
quality at a remarkably competitive price, backed by a five-year 
warranty.


ARTIST 2000 Twin Pro

This card has dual monitor outputs each with resolutions up to 1600 
x 1200 and refresh rates up to 85 Hz, allowing a total displayed 
image of up to 3200 x 1200 spread across two adjacent monitors. 
Supports PCI and ISA buses. The ARTIST 2000 TwinPro comes with 4 
MB of VRAM. Its processor, memory and DAC were carefully selected 
and integrated with GT Express Professional, ARTIST's CAD utility 
software, to create the ideal controller for the CAD marketplace. 
You get ARTIST's legendary quality at a remarkably competitive price,
backed by a five-year warranty. 
Technical Data 


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Video Bandwidth: to 250 MHz

Horizontal Scan Rate: 31.5 - 106 KHz

Video Output: Analog RGB video output, separate horizontal and
	vertical sync, 15 pin D-sub connector

Maximum Colors: True color

Color Palette: 16.7 million

Supported GUIs: Windows 3.1, Windows NT, OS/2 2.1, OS/2 Warp,
Windows 95

Supported Software: Includes high performance drivers for Windows,
including Command View; AutoCAD for DOS and Windows
		with Flexicon 30

Technical Support: End user assistance available through telephone,
mail, FAX, E-mail, BBS or World Wide Web

Warranty: Five-year limited warranty


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

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Model	 Resolution	Colors	 Frequency

ARTIST 2000 Pro	1600 x 1280	256	 60 - 80 Hz	
2 MB VRAM	1600 x 1200	256	 60 - 85 Hz	
	1280 x 1024	256	 60 - 120 Hz	
	1152 x 870	256/6KK	 60 - 150 Hz	
	1024 x 768	256/65K	 60 - 200 Hz	
	800 x 600	256/65K/16.7M	60 - 300 Hz
	640 x 480	256/65K/16.7M	60 - 500 Hz

ARTIST 2000 Pro	1600 x 1280	256/65,000	60 - 80 Hz	
4 MB VRAM	1600 x 1200	256/65,000	60 - 85 Hz	
	1280 x 1024	256/65,000	60 - 120 Hz	
	1152 x 870	256/16.7M	60 - 150 Hz	
	1024 x 768	256/16.7M	60 - 200 Hz	
	800 x 600	256/65 /16.7M	60 - 300 Hz
	640 x 480	256/65K/16.7M	60 - 500 Hz

ARTIST 2000	1600 x 1280	256	 60 - 80 Hz	 
TwinPro	 1600 x 1200	256	 60 - 85 Hz	 
4 MB VRAM	1280 x 1024	256	 60 - 120 Hz	 
	1152 x 870	256/65K	 60 - 150 Hz	 
	1024 x 768	256/65K	 60 - 200 Hz	 
	800 x 600	256/65K/16.7M	60 - 300 Hz 
	640 x 480	256/65K/16.7M	60 - 500 Hz 


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Prices


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Board Model VRAM Bus Max. Resolution Retail Price

ARTIST 2000 2 MB PCI 1280 x 1024 @ 75 Hz $395

ARTIST 2000i 2 MB PCI 1600 x 1280 @ 80 Hz $595
2MB ISA 1600 x 1200 @ 85 Hz $595

ARTIST 2000i 4 MB PCI 1800 x 1440 @ 70 Hz $895
4MB ISA 1800 x 1350 @ 75 Hz $895

ARTIST 2000i 4 MB PCI 1600 x 1200 @ 85 Hz $1095
TwinPro ISA 1600 x 1200 @ 85 Hz $1095


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NVIDEA01) Diamond Edge 3D Accelerators

The information on these boards were obtained from Diamond Multimedia 
Systems home page at
[*]http://www.diamondmm.com/ 

They contain the [*]NVidia/SGS-THOMSON NV1/STG-2000 chipset. 

The boards are PCI-based and sport a digital gameport for precise 
joystick control, as well as two video gameports that allow specialized,
multi-player versions of Sega Saturn titles, such as the arcade hit 
Virtua Fighter Remix, to be played on Windows 95 PCs. It is expected 
to be initially shipped in late October at consumer prices starting 
from $249 - $299. 

With Diamond Edge 3D accelerators, game developers can support resolutions 
as high as 1024x768 with 65,000 colors while still achieving fast,
realistic action. In the past, this type of technology was available 
only to engineers and designers with prices topping $2,000. 

The 3D functions of the Diamond Edge 3D were designed specifically 
for the consumer multimedia market where the primary application 
is interactive entertainment. Traditionally, 3D graphics were created 
by drawing large numbers of successive polygons using the CPU, which 
resulted in a tradeoff between detailed graphics and speed of interactivity. 
With the Diamond Edge 3D, the hardware engine accelerates polygon 
rendering of real-time, texture-mapped 3D images at the highest possible 
frame rates without unduly slowing the CPU. In addition, the Diamond 
Edge 3D can create realistic 3D graphics by using nine control points 
to create a curved surface, called quadratic texture mapping (QTM). 


Features of the Diamond Edge 3D engine include fast polygon rendering,
texture-mapping for photo-realism, quadratic texture-mapping for 
perspective correction and rendering of curved surfaces, as well 
as special effects including diffused lighting, specular highlights,
reflection mapping and alpha blending for fog, smoke and transparency. 

High Performance 2D Acceleration 


The Diamond Edge 3D delivers fast 2D Windows acceleration at resolutions 
as high as 1280x1024, color depths to 1 billion and refresh rates 
of up to 120Hz. 

The DRAM version of the Diamond Edge 3D, based on SGS Thomson's STG2000 
multimedia accelerator chip, is available for PCI-bus in 1MB upgradable 
to 2MB (the Diamond Edge 3D 2120XL) or 2MB standard (the Diamond 
Edge 3D 2200XL.) The VRAM configuration, based on NVIDIA Corp.'s 
NV1 multimedia accelerator chip, is available for PCI in 2MB upgradable 
to 4MB (the Diamond Edge 3D 3240XL) or 4MB standard (the Diamond 
Edge 3D 3400XL.) Both chips are based on NVIDIA's NV1 technology. 
Diamond estimates pricing for the 2000 series to start at $249 to 
$299 and for the 3000 series to start at $399 to $449. 
How to Contact Diamond Multimedia

There are many ways to reach Diamond for sales support, technical 
assistance, driver updates and general information: 

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The Main Phone Number is 408-325-7000; Fax: 408-325-7070
Product Support Voice: 408-325-7100; Product Support Fax: 408-325-7171
24-Hour Fax On Demand Service: 1-800-380-0030
America OnLine (Keyword: DIAMOND)
CompuServe (GO DMNDONLINE or GO GRAPHBVEN) [75300,3673]
Microsoft Network: GOTO DIAMONDONLINE
Internet Web Site: [*]http://www.diamondmm.com
FTP Site: ftp.diamondmm.com
For information on Diamond products: 1-800-468-5846 
BBS numbers at 408-325-7080 (to 14.4K baud) or 408-325-7175 (to 28.8K baud)

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Section V: Other boards

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B01) AccelGraphics AG300 and AG500

The AG300 and AG500 are very similar. I'll describe the AG300 first 
and then outline the differences. Both support a dual screen configuration 
with two of the same card. 
ACCELGRAPHICS AG300


Accelgraphics is a spinoff of Kubota Graphics, which was Kubota Pacific 
before that. They made the Denali graphics subsystem for DEC's Alpha-
based workstation (they were a partner with DEC). 

Features 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙PCI option card (short form factor) 
˙˙˙Accelerates OpenGL under Windows NT 
˙˙˙24-bit true color and 16-bit Z buffering 
˙˙˙32 color planes with 16-bit double buffering 
˙˙˙1280 x 1024 @ 60-74 Hz, non-interlaced 


Performance 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1 Million 2D vectors per second (10 pixel, 24-bit) 
˙˙˙1 Million 3D vectors per second (10 x 1 pixels, 
˙˙˙smooth shaded, Z buffered) 
˙˙˙205k 3D triangles/sec (50 pixels, smooth shaded mesh, 
˙˙˙lit, Z buffered) 


Benefits 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Performance of a US$25k+ Unix workstation for under 
˙˙˙US$10,000. 
˙˙˙Standard applications with Windows NT (including 
˙˙˙Windows 3.1 applications compiled for Intel cpu). 
˙˙˙Scalable architecture delivers increased graphics 
˙˙˙performance with higher performance host cpu. 


Hardware Features 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Scalable architecture efficiently leverages the system CPU; a 
˙˙˙faster CPU yields faster graphics 
˙˙˙7.5 MB of total RAM 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙5 MB VRAM used as a 32 plane frame buffer, supporting: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙resolutions up to 1280 x 1024 pixels with up to 16.7 
˙˙˙million colors (24 bit true color) 
˙˙˙16 bit double buffering 
˙˙˙8 bit color index 


˙˙˙2.5 MB DRAM used as a 16 bit Z-buffer 


˙˙˙Rectangle clipping, Alpha blending and Dithering 


Graphics application programming interfaces 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Open GL 
˙˙˙HOOPS and 3DR planned for early 1995 


Supported Operating System Environments 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙DOS 6.0 or later, Windows 3.1 or later, Windows 95 (Chicago),
˙˙˙Windows NT 3.5 with Open GL (Daytona) 


Supported Applications 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Pro/ENGINEER and Pro/JR. from Parametric Technology Corporation 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙AutoCAD Release 11, 12, and 13 from Autodesk 
˙˙˙MicroStation version 4 and 5 from Bentley Systems (including 
˙˙˙MOGLE) 
˙˙˙Any OpenGL application 


Platforms supported: Intel, Alpha, MIPS, &amp PowerPC platforms 

System requirements 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙One free PCI slot 
˙˙˙VGA or SVGA compatible graphics adapter 


ACCELGRAPHICS AG500


Similar to the AG300. However, it has 12.5M Memory on board and 
a list price 3,495. 

The extra ram adds 8 GL Stencil planes and a 24bit Z-buffer. 

The AG500 also has 4 hardware "lookup tables", including: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙two 256 x 24 tables for color index 
˙˙˙one 256 x 24 table for single-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙one 16 x 24 table for double-buffered overlay 


Contact Information: 

Corporate Headquarters:
AccelGraphics, Inc.
1942 Zanker Road
San Jose, CA 95112
408-441-1556
408-441-1599 fax

Western Region:
Kim Rawlings
714-589-2453
714-589-2483 fax
[*]Kim_Rawlings@ag3d.com

Central Region:
Dan Vitale
513-858-1400
513-858-2905 fax
[*]Dan_Vitale@ag3d.com

Southern Region:
John Caravello
407-834-7275
407-834-9052 fax
[*]John_Caravello@ag3d.com

Europe:
David Holman
011-44-1635-40122
011-44-1635-551-147 fax
[*]davidh@perform.hiway.co.uk 

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B02) ISC PowerGL


The PowerGL card is the Accelgraphics AG300 being sold OEM by ISC,
which is described above. Since the AG300 and the PowerGL are the 
exact same card, I won't repeat the specs here. Talk to both companies,
see which one better suits your needs. 

CONTACT INFORMATION: 

International Software Corporation (ISC)
Suite 275
433 Park Point Drive
Golden, CO 80401

Orders: 1-800-488-4721
Fax: 303-526-0581
E-mail: [*]76516.2544@compuserve.com 

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B03) Evans &amp Sutherland Freedom


PRESS RELEASE:


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EVANS &amp SUTHERLAND BRINGS 3D GRAPHICS EXPERTISE TO THE PERSONAL 
COMPUTER 

SALT LAKE CITY, March 2, 1995 Evans &amp Sutherland Computer Corporation 
(NASDAQ: ESCC) today announced Freedom Graphics(tm) for the Personal 
Computer. Freedom Graphics is the first product to bring the 3D 
graphics technology of E&ampS to the personal computing environment. 


Freedom Graphics is an implementation of the specialized features 
that 3D graphics applications require for smooth, fast execution. 
Users can produce impressive realistic images with the product's 
rich feature set and high-performance graphics for Windows/NT(r) 
applications. 

The graphics card supports the OpenGL(r) software application programming 
interface and is designed to accelerate OpenGL in the PC environment. 
Freedom Graphics is a PCI bus-based card that incorporates the same 
technology as the Freedom Series graphics accelerators which supply 
high-end graphics for the world's largest workstation vendors. Ideal 
markets to take advantage of the extensive feature set of Freedom 
Graphics are CAD, Industrial Design, Simulation, Visualization, Animation,
Entertainment and Game Development. Supported PC processors include 
MIPS(tm), Pentium(r) and Power PC(tm). 

"The interest being generated by Freedom Graphics is extraordinary,
" said Jim Oyler, President and CEO of Evans &amp Sutherland. "Freedom 
Graphics allows a low-cost PC-based system to achieve the performance 
of a much more expensive workstation. This is going to be an explosive 
market in the very near future." 

Evans &amp Sutherland is the only 3D graphics vendor with a product 
line that spans the entire computing industry from the personal computer 
up to multi-million dollar flight simulators and location-based entertainment 
systems. 

"We are pleased that Evans &amp Sutherland has applied their knowledge 
and experience in high-performance real-time 3D graphics to the PC 
marketplace," said Tom Coull, President of Sense8 Corporation. "WorldToolKit 
and Freedom Graphics will offer a definitive hardware-accelerated 
solution for texture-mapped virtual reality applications." 

Freedom Graphics' feature set includes real-time 3D graphics rendering 
and animation, hardware based 24-bit texture acceleration, scalable 
texture memory up to 16 MBytes, bi-linear and tri-linear MIP-mapping,
specular highlights, fast set-up calculations, full scene antialiasing,
transparency and depth cueing. The additional experience of E&ampS 
with OpenGL will also result in significant performance advantages 
for applications using the OpenGL library from E&ampS. 

According to Ian Reid, Vice-President of Marketing at Advanced Visual 
Systems, "Freedom Graphics offers a new level of capability for the 
PC user and AVS/Express allows any PC developer to take immediate 
advantage of features such as hardware texture-mapping and transparency. 
It's the ideal combination." 

Freedom Graphics performance under Windows/NT and OpenGL is 300,000 
triangles/second. The card will list price at US$2450 with second 
quarter availability through OEMs and VARs. Freedom Graphics was 
first shown at Fall Comdex '94 in Las Vegas. 

The significance of Freedom Graphics lies in its delivery of a graphics 
feature set at unsurpassed performance levels. Advanced features 
such as texture mapping are still unavailable from any other vendor 
for under US$10,000. Freedom Graphics also provides performance 
not yet seen in the 3D PC graphics market. Nearest competitors for 
performance provide minimal feature sets and are only available at 
much higher prices. 

Evans &amp Sutherland is a leader in advanced 3D graphics and visualization 
systems for science, industry, education, and entertainment. The 
Graphics Systems Division provides graphics hardware and software 
solutions that are sold and supported by DEC, HP, IBM, and Sun Microsystems. 
Evans &amp Sutherland was founded in 1968 and is based in Salt Lake 
City, Utah. 

Freedom Graphics, and Freedom Series are trademarks of Evans &amp 
Sutherland. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics,
Inc. All other trade names are trademarks or registered trademarks 
of their respective holders. 

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Freedom Graphics(tm) for the Personal Computer

High-Speed Realism from Evans &amp Sutherland 

Evans &amp Sutherland pioneered the computer graphics industry over 
25 years ago. Since then our graphics know-how has been engineered 
into everything from multi-million dollar flight simulators to high-
end graphics accelerators for workstations. Now, the same technology 
used in those high-end workstations is available for the personal 
computer with Freedom Graphics. Freedom Graphics is a 3D graphics 
card that delivers high-performance, workstation-class 3D graphics 
for your Windows NT applications. Freedom Graphics is a masterful 
implementation of the specialized features that 3D graphics applications 
require for smooth, fast execution. Users will be impressed by the 
realistic images they can produce with the well-crafted feature set. 


Freedom Graphic Advantages 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Real time 3D graphics rendering and animation 
˙˙˙24 bit texture acceleration 
˙˙˙Perspective acceleration of colors &amp textures 
˙˙˙Bi-linear &amp tri-linear MIP-mapping 
˙˙˙Color modulation 
˙˙˙Fast set-up calculations 
˙˙˙Antialiased vectors and polygons 
˙˙˙High resolution support 
˙˙˙Programmable antialiasing filter 
˙˙˙Hardware window clipping 
˙˙˙Transparency &amp Depth cueing 
˙˙˙Hardware cursor support 
˙˙˙Line-slope intensity correction 


Software Programming Environment 

Freedom Graphics supports the OpenGL(tm) software application programming 
interface and was designed to accelerate OpenGL in the personal computing 
environment." 

FROM THE SPEC SHEET: 

Technical Specifications 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙3D Graphics Engine by Evans &amp Sutherland 
˙˙˙Display Memory - 4MByte of VRAM 
˙˙˙Z buffer Memory - 4MByte of DRAM 
˙˙˙Texture Memory (optional) 
˙˙˙1, 4 or 16 MByte user installable SIMM 3D Resolutions (1280x1024,
˙˙˙1024x768, 800x600, 640x480) 
˙˙˙Display Colors - 8, 12, 24 bit color support 
˙˙˙Maximum Vertical Refresh Rates of 72Hz non-interlaced at all supported 
˙˙˙resolutions 
˙˙˙PCI local bus 
˙˙˙Physical dimensions 12.28" Length x 4.2" Height (PCI Full Length 
˙˙˙Compliant) 
˙˙˙CPU Support: Power PC, MIPS, Pentium 


Software Support - 2D/3D Drivers 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Windows NT 3.5, OpenGL, DDI (Windows95/OpenGL when available) 


Monitor 

Video timing supports any monitor capable of displaying the listed 
resolutions in non-interlaced mode. 15 pin D-shell VGA connector 


Availability 

The Freedom Graphics product will be initially sold through OEM's 
and Value-Added Resellers, who will be announced along with the product. 
The product will be available on the product announcement date. 

Freedom Graphics is a trademark of Evans &amp Sutherland Computer 
Corporation. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics 
Inc. All other products are trademarks of their respective companies. 


CONTACT INFORMATION: 

Jennifer Hughes
Evans &amp Sutherland
[*]jhughes@dsd.es.com
Phone: 1-800-367-7460
Facsimile: (801) 582-0524 

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B04) Matrox Impression Plus

FROM THE SPEC SHEET: 

Windows Features: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙40 million Winmarks 
˙˙˙175 MHz DAC or optional 220 MHz DAC 
˙˙˙1600 x 1200 in 256 and 65K colors 
˙˙˙1280 x 1024 in 16.7m colors 
˙˙˙110 Hz refresh at 1280 x 1024 resolution 
˙˙˙120 Hz refresh at 1024 x 768 resolution 
˙˙˙Windows resolution and colours: (* requires 4Mb VRAM) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1600 x 1200 256, 65k* 
˙˙˙1280 x 1024 256, 65k*, 16.7m* 
˙˙˙1152 x 882 256, 65k, 16.7m* 
˙˙˙1024 x 768 256, 65k, 16.7m* 
˙˙˙800 x 600 256, 65k, 16.7m 
˙˙˙640 x 480 256, 65k, 16.7m 


Multimedia Features: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Microsoft DCI software video acceleration (Indeo, Cinepak, Video 
˙˙˙for Windows) 
˙˙˙24 frames per second playback 


MGA Video XL Upgrade Module: (Q1 95) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Support for VESA Media Channel (VM Channel) video expansion standard 
˙˙˙and PowerPlay64 
˙˙˙32 bit connector for increased video datapath (100 Mb/second) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Accepts up to 15 video peripherals 
˙˙˙Support for multiple live video windows 
˙˙˙VideoLogic PowerPlay64 add-on module for smooth, video playback 
˙˙˙at 1280 x 1024 at 30 frames/second 
˙˙˙resolution scaling using Pixel Interpolation 
˙˙˙color space conversion from YUV to RGB 


Real-Time 2D and 3D Features: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Accelerated 3D Gouraud shaed displays at 1152 x 882 in 65K colors,
˙˙˙and 800x600 in 16.7 m colors 
˙˙˙150,000 Gouraud shaded polygons per second 
˙˙˙Accelerated double buffering and z-buffering 
˙˙˙Support for industry standard 3D API's : 3DR, OpenGL, HOOP's and 
˙˙˙VAGI 
˙˙˙DynaView 2D and 3D Drivers for AutoCAD and Microstation under Windows 
˙˙˙and DOS 
˙˙˙Realtime 3D Wireframe Resolutions and Color Depths: (*requires 
˙˙˙4Mb VRAM) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1600 x 1200 256* 
˙˙˙1280 x 1024 256* 
˙˙˙1152 x 882 256, 65k* 
˙˙˙1024 x 768 256, 65k* 
˙˙˙800 x 600 256, 65k, 16.7m* 
˙˙˙640 x 480 256, 65k, 16.7m* 


˙˙˙Realtime 3D Gouraud Shaded Resolutions and Color Depths: (*requires 
˙˙˙4Mb VRAM) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙1600 x 1200 
˙˙˙1280 x 1024 
˙˙˙1152 x 882 256* 
˙˙˙1024 x 768 256* 
˙˙˙800 x 600 256, 65k* 
˙˙˙640 x 480 256, 65k* 


Models Available: 
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MGA-IMP+/P: PCI Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
1600 x 1200 in 256 colors
800 x 600 in 16.7m colors
VM Channel upgradable

MGA-IMP+/V: VL Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
1600 x 1200 in 256 colors
800 x 600 in 16.7m colors
VM Channel upgradable

MGA-IMP+/A: AT Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
1600 x 1200 in 256 colors
800 x 600 in 16.7m colors
VM Channel upgradable

MGA-IMP+/P/220: PCI Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
220 MHz DAC for 85Hz @1600x1200
Other specifications same as MGA-IMP+/P

MGA-IMP+/V/220: VL Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
220 MHz DAC for 85Hz @1600x1200
Other specifications same as MGA-IMP+/V

MGA-IMP+/A/220: AT Bus
2Mb VRAM upgradable to 4 Mb
220 MHz DAC for 85Hz @1600x1200
Other specifications same as MGA-IMP+/A

MGA-MOD/2Mb/1 2Mb upgrade for MGA Impression Plus
1600x1200 in 256 and 65K colors
1280x1024 in 16.7m colors

MGA-MOD/VMC VideoLogic PowerPlay64 video accelerator chip
1280 x 1024 at 30 frames per second

MGA-MOD/VMC/2MB 2 Mb upgrade for MGA Impression Plus and VideoLogic
PowerPlay64 video accelerator chip for 1280 x 1024 at 30 frames per second.


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CONTACT INFORMATION:

Telephone 1-800-361-1408 

Matrox Graphics Inc.
1055 St Regis Blvd
Dorval, Quebec
Canada H9P 2T4 

Telephone: 514.685.2630
Facsimile: 514.685.2853 

COMMENT: From Chris Hinch ([*]chris@dcc.govt.nz): 
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I heard comments on comp.sys.opengl that, at the moment, the Impression 
Plus doesn't have "true" OpenGL support under Windows NT. I don't 
know if this is correct or not. 

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From Blair MacIntyre: 
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This is partially true. Someone from Microsoft posted saying that 
NT 3.51 will include the appropriate driver for OpenGL for this card. 


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B05) Oki TrianGL


More information on Oki and their products can be found on their 
web page ([*]www.oki.com) or by sending email to [*]triangl@oki.com 


The information here was extracted from the page
[*]http://www.oki.com/products/TrianGL.html 

Oki's TrianGL is aimed at 3D applications using the OpenGL graphics 
API. 

At the heart of the TrianGL is a custom, high-performance rendering 
ASIC--a drawing engine which provides both 2D and 3D acceleration. 
The chip interfaces directly to multiple banks of video RAM via a 
80-bit data bus, boosting overall drawing performance. 

The four banks of VRAM, 10 MBytes in all, each operate independently 
to maximize the performance efficiency of the rendering ASIC. For 
many drawing primitives, all the banks can operate in parallel. 
However, for certain primitives, such as vector drawing or triangle 
drawing, address and color values are sent from the ASIC to the appropriate 
memory banks in a pipelined, serial fashion. TrianGL's use of triangle 
drawing primitives gives the board a major performance advantage 
over other products which use simpler span primitives. 

Two separate RGB buffers allow true hardware double buffering for 
smooth, artifact-free animation. An independent 24-bit Z buffer is 
dedicated for hidden surface removal during 3D object rendering. 
And finally, eight utility planes support board-specific video options 
such as overlays, window types and RGB double buffering. In order 
to support VGA compatibility, a VESA standard VGA passthrough interface 
is included on the board. 

Accelerated Drawing Operations 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Solid Rectangle Fill - 266 M pixels/second 
˙˙˙Pattern Rectangle Fill - 66 M pixels/second (8-bit), 33 M pixels/second 
˙˙˙(24-bit) 
˙˙˙Screen to Screen Copy - 33 M pixels/second (8-bit), 16 M pixels/second 
˙˙˙(24-bit) 
˙˙˙Raster Operations - 33 M pixels/second 
˙˙˙Line (2D) - 33 M pixels/second, 1.4 M 10-pixel lines/ second, random 
˙˙˙orientation 
˙˙˙Triangles (3D Gouraud shaded) - 22 M pixels/second, 250K 50-pixel 
˙˙˙triangles/second, random orientation 


TrianGL Features 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Enables Workstation-class 3D performance on PCs 
˙˙˙Accelerates OpenGL API compatible graphics under Windows NT for 
˙˙˙2-D and 3D applications 
˙˙˙Allows fully configured 3D systems for under US$10,000 (TrianGL 
˙˙˙pricing has not been set, but it should be around US$2500) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙True 24-bit graphics 
˙˙˙Fully double-buffered 24-bit VRAM buffers 
˙˙˙24-bit hardware Z-buffer 
˙˙˙8 bits of hardware utility planes 
˙˙˙Large 8 kbyte FIFO allows independent host operation 
˙˙˙Fast internal RAM for storing patterns,line styles, and intermediate 
˙˙˙data 
˙˙˙64 x 64 hardware cursor 
˙˙˙Host to Screen Copy 
˙˙˙Screen to Host Copy 
˙˙˙Color Expansion 
˙˙˙Color Interpolation 
˙˙˙Linear Frame Buffer Support 


Specifications 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Dimensions - Full-length VLbus/ISA board 13.5" length x 5" height 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Power Dissipation - 15 Watts typical (20 Watts maximum) 
˙˙˙Bus Interface - VESA VLbus Local Bus Standard, Rev. 1.1 Local Bus 
˙˙˙Target, 32-bit data path 
˙˙˙VGA Support - VESA Standard VGA passthrough 
˙˙˙Monitor Support - Software-programmable 1024 x 768, non-interlaced,
˙˙˙vertical refresh rates from 60 to 76 Hz 
˙˙˙Frame Buffers - Two 24-bit, 1024 x 768 RGB 
˙˙˙ZBuffer - 24-bit, 1024 x 768 
˙˙˙Memory - 10 Mbytes VRAM, 512 bytes internal RAM 
˙˙˙FIFO - 8k x 32-bit for graphics commands and data 


Software Support 

Oki supports TrianGL on PC and RISC PC platforms with host software 
drivers for Windows NT 3.5. OpenGL and DDI support are available 
for Intel and Mips platforms. Other popular APIs, including AutoCAD,
will be supported in future software releases. 

Look for future TrianGL versions with higher resolution, and a PCI 
bus interface. 

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B06) Intergraph GLZ Series 


The GLZ series accelerates OpenGL[tm] graphics on Intergraph Computer 
Systems' TDZ workstations. GLZs let you manipulate Gouraud-shaded 
3D models by adding realistic effects such as lighting, translucency,
and textured surfaces; and performing spectacular flythroughs, walkthroughs,
and animations--all in real time, at high resolutions, and in true 
color. 

By performing shading and geometry operations in dedicated hardware,
GLZs ease the load on the TDZ's Pentium[tm] processor(s) and cut 
down traffic on the PCI bus, which results in dramatic improvements 
in graphics performance. 

The GLZ family supports Intergraph's 17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors 
and 21- and 27-inch InterVue monitors at resolutions up to 1,600 
x 1,280 pixels. The GLZs support dual screens and are ready for stereoscopic 
display on any stereo-ready monitor. (LCD shutter glasses and emitter 
modules are required and are available from Intergraph Computer Systems.) 


The GLZ family offers a selection of 34, 24, or 12 megabytes of VRAM. 
24 megabytes of VRAM supports resolutions up to 1,600 x 1,280 with 
16.8 million colors (true color). 12 megabytes of VRAM suppots true 
color at a maximum resolution of 1,152 x 854. 34 megabytes of VRAM 
supports a 32-bit Z buffer, double-buffered true color, and display 
capabilities such as translucency and overlay at resolutions up to 
1,600 x 1,280. 

Intergraph Computer Systems offers six different GLZ configurations. 


GLZ6--photorealism in real time

The top of our 3D graphics accelerator line--offers shading acceleration,
geometry acceleration, and texture-processing for fast, real-time 
rendering of complex and detailed designs. 

Product highlights 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙34 MB of high-speed VRAM for 126 bit planes of video memory at 
˙˙˙all display resolutions, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙32-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙8-bit, double-buffered 
˙˙˙8-bit alpha buffer 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙Texture processing fully supported in hardware with 8 megatextels 
˙˙˙of texture memory (32 MB of DRAM) for full trilinear 
˙˙˙interpolation of mip-mapped images 
˙˙˙Geometry acceleration to speed up lighting and transforms 
˙˙˙Support for the OpenGL industry-standard graphics library 
˙˙˙Full hardware support for Gouraud and flat shading of 3D triangle 
˙˙˙meshes 
˙˙˙Anti-aliased vector support to eliminate anomalies of standard 
˙˙˙raster displays 
˙˙˙Industry-standard PCI bus interface with high-speed DMA engine 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Genlock support for dual screens, eliminating the visual beat 
˙˙˙frequency effect that can occur when two monitors are placed 
˙˙˙close together 
˙˙˙Support for Intergraph Computer Systems' 21- and 27-inch InterVue 
˙˙˙monitors and 17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors 
˙˙˙Stereo-ready display for 3D viewing, which enhances cartographic 
˙˙˙applications and design visualization 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging from 
˙˙˙640 x 480 pixels to 1,600 x 1,280 pixels 
˙˙˙Eight hardware color tables, allowing multiple windows to simultaneously 
˙˙˙display using independent color palettes for instantaneous 
˙˙˙color refinement in demanding imaging applications (see 
˙˙˙p.11) 
˙˙˙10-bit gamma correction using state-of-the-art, 10-bit digital-
˙˙˙to-analog converters, enabling user control of gamma values 
˙˙˙with no loss of color resolution 


GLZ5--cost-effective photorealism

Our GLZ5 offers the same high-performance shading and geometry acceleration 
as does GLZ6. With 12 MB of VRAM, GLZ5 supports resolutions up to 
1,152 x 864. Two megatexels (8 megabytes of texture memory) provide 
more than enough texture storage for adding patterns to furniture,
waves to water, or trees to parks and forests. 

GLZ5's low price may even tempt you to invest in dual screens and 
LCD shutter glasses for a stereoscopic adventure into virtual reality! 


Product highlights (same as the GLZ6, except where noted) 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙12 MB of high-speed VRAM for 92 bit planes of video memory at 
˙˙˙resolutions up to 1,152 x 864, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙24-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙1-bit, double-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙Texture processing fully supported in hardware with 2 megatextels 
˙˙˙of texture memory (8 MB of DRAM) for full trilinear interpolation 
˙˙˙of mip-mapped images 
˙˙˙Support for Intergraph Computer Systems' 17- and 21-inch 
˙˙˙multi-sync monitors 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging 
˙˙˙from 640 x 480 pixels to 1,152 x 864 


GLZ4 and GLZ3--accelerated geometry and shading

GLZ4 and GLZ3 support both shading and geometry acceleration. If 
you need fast, accurate rendering of complex solid models but don't 
normally require realtime texture processing for photorealism, GLZ4 
(24 MB of VRAM) or GLZ3 (12 MB of VRAM) will give you performance 
that more than meets your expectations. Don't worry if you occasionally 
need to render a textured image. Thanks to OpenGL, texture processing 
is fully supported in software. 

Product highlights 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24 MB (GLZ4) of high-speed VRAM for 92 bit planes of video 
˙˙˙memory at all display resolutions, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙24-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙1-bit, double-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙12 MB (GLZ3) of high-speed VRAM for 92 bit planes of video 
˙˙˙memory at resolutions up to 1,152 x 864, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙24-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙1-bit, double-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙Geometry acceleration to speed up lighting and transforms 
˙˙˙Support for the OpenGL industry-standard graphics library 
˙˙˙Full hardware support for Gouraud and flat shading of 3D 
˙˙˙triangle meshes 
˙˙˙Anti-aliased vector support 
˙˙˙Industry-standard PCI bus interface with high-speed DMA engine 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Genlock support for dual screens 
˙˙˙Support for the following Intergraph Computer Systems' monitors: 
˙˙˙17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors (GLZ3 and GLZ4) 
˙˙˙21- and 27-inch InterVue monitors (GLZ4) 
˙˙˙Stereo-ready display for 3D viewing 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging 
˙˙˙from 640 x 480 to 1,600 x 1,280 pixels (GLZ4) 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging 
˙˙˙from 640 x 480 to 1,152 x 864 pixels (GLZ3) 
˙˙˙Eight hardware color tables, allowing multiple windows to 
˙˙˙simultaneously display using independent color palettes 
˙˙˙10-bit gamma correction 


GLZ2 and GLZ1--cost-effective 3D rendering

Product highlights 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24 MB (GLZ2) of high-speed VRAM for 92 bit planes of video 
˙˙˙memory at all display resolutions, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙24-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙1-bit, double-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙12 MB (GLZ1) of high-speed VRAM for 92 bit planes of video 
˙˙˙memory at resolutions up to 1,152 x 864, providing: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙
˙˙˙24-bit, double-buffered image planes 
˙˙˙24-bit Z buffer 
˙˙˙1-bit, double-buffered overlay 
˙˙˙Other planes for additional features and further acceleration 
˙˙˙

˙˙˙Support for the OpenGL industry-standard graphics library 
˙˙˙Full hardware support for Gouraud and flat shading of 3D 
˙˙˙triangle meshes 
˙˙˙Anti-aliased vector support 
˙˙˙Industry-standard PCI bus interface with high-speed DMA engine 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Genlock support for dual screens 
˙˙˙Support for the following Intergraph Computer Systems' monitors: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙
˙˙˙17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors (GLZ1 and GLZ2) 
˙˙˙21- and 27-inch InterVue monitors (GLZ2) 


˙˙˙Stereo-ready display for 3D viewing 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging 
˙˙˙from 640 x 480 to 1,600 x 1,280 pixels (GLZ2) 
˙˙˙Multiple video resolution support for resolutions ranging 
˙˙˙from 640 x 480 to 1,152 x 864 pixels (GLZ1) 
˙˙˙Eight hardware color tables, allowing multiple windows to 
˙˙˙simultaneously display using independent color palettes 
˙˙˙10-bit gamma correction 


GLZ configurations at a glance


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

GLZ Hardware Hardware Hardware Texture Frame Max
model rendering geometry texture DRAM buffer resolution
accel accel processing VRAM (in pixels)

GLZ6 Yes Yes Yes 32 MB 34 MB 1,600 x 1,280
(8 megatexels)
GLZ5 Yes Yes Yes 8 MB 12 MB 1,152 x 864
(2 megatexels)
GLZ4 Yes Yes No No 24 MB 1,600 x 1,280
GLZ3 Yes Yes No No 12 MB 1,152 x 864
GLZ2 Yes No No No 24 MB 1,600 x 1,280
GLZ1 Yes No No No 12 MB 1,152 x 864


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


Performance specifications for GLZ2, GLZ4, and GLZ6

The following table summarizes hardware performance for GLZs supporting 
resolutions up to 1,600 x 1,280 (GLZ2, GLZ4, and GLZ6) on Intergraph 
Computer Systems' 21- and 27-inch InterVue monitors and 17- and 21-
inch multi-sync monitors. 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

3D graphics performance*

3D requests (with Z buffering) Performance 

Triangle, 50-pixel, Gouraud shaded 450,000 triangles/second
Triangle, 25-pixel, Gouraud shaded 515,000 triangles/second
Vector, 10-pixel, solid color 1,150,000 vectors/second
Vector, 10-pixel, Gouraud shaded 1,000,000 vectors/second
Vector, 10-pixel, antialiased 550,000 vectors/second

Texturing performance (GLZ6)*

Textured areas, 512 x 512 (trilinear 15 megatexels/second
	interpolated, mip-mapped)

2D graphics performance*

2D requests Performance

Vector, 10-pixel, solid color 1,450,000 vectors/second 
Vector, 10-pixel, antialiased 550,000 vectors/second 
Blit: screen to screen, 64 Bit 26 megapixels/second
	(R,G,B,A,Z)
Fills 400 megapixels/second 
Text, 9 x 13 240,000 characters/second

*These performance numbers are the maximum hardware rate. Actual
system performance depends on host processor speed and application. 


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


Performance specifications for GLZ1, GLZ3, and GLZ5

The following table summarizes hardware performance for GLZs supporting 
resolutions up to 1,152 x 864 (GLZ1, GLZ3, and GLZ5) on Intergraph 
Computer Systems' 17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors. 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

3D graphics performance*

3D requests (with Z buffering) Performance

Triangle, 50-pixel, Gouraud shaded 230,000 triangles/second
Triangle, 25-pixel, Gouraud shaded 425,000 triangles/second
Vector, 10-pixel, solid color 800,000 vectors/second
Vector, 10-pixel, Gouraud shaded 800,000 vectors/second
Vector, 10-pixel, antialiased 285,000 vectors/second

Texturing performance (GLZ5)*

Textured areas, 512 x 512 (trilinear 15 megatexels/second
	interpolated, mip-mapped)

2D graphics performance*

2D requests Performance

Vector, 10-pixel, solid color 1,150,000 vectors/second 
Vector, 10-pixel, antialiased 285,000 vectors/second
Blit: screen to screen, 64 Bit 13 megapixels/second
	(R,G,B,A,Z) 
Fills 200 megapixels/second 
Text, 9 x 13 190,000 characters/second

*These performance numbers are the maximum hardware rate. Actual
system performance depends on host processor speed and application. 


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Display support

GLZ2, GLZ4, and GLZ6 support Intergraph Computer Systems' 21- and 
27-inch InterVue monitors and our 17- and 21-inch multi-sync monitors 
at resolutions up to 1,600 x 1,280 pixels. The following table indicates 
the currently supported screen resolutions in full 24-bit, true-color,
double-buffered mode. 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Resolutions Colors Maximum 
supported supported refresh 
			16.8 M rates 

1,600 x 1,280 X 76 Hz
1,600 x 1,200 X 81 Hz 
1,280 x 1,024 X 94 Hz 
1,280 x 960 X 100 Hz 
1,152 x 864 X 85 Hz 
1,024 x 768 X 122 Hz 
800 x 600 X 153 Hz 
640 x 480 X 186 Hz


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


GLZ1, GLZ3, and GLZ5 support Intergraph Computer Systems' 17- and 
21-inch multi-sync monitors at resolutions up to 1,152 x 864. The 
following table indicates the currently supported screen resolutions 
in full 24-bit, true-color, double-buffered mode. 
-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Resolutions Colors Maximum 
supported supported refresh 
			6.8 M rates 

1,152 x 864 X 72 Hz 
1,024 x 768 X 85 Hz 
800 x 600 X 85 Hz 
640 x 480 X 85 Hz 


-=- [PREFORMATTED] =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-


For more information or the number of a sales representative or Intergraph 
Computer Center near you, call:

U.S. and Canada : 800-763-0242
Asia-Pacific : 852-2893-3621
Europe : 31-2503-66576
Middle East : 971-4-367555
Other areas : 1-205-730-5441
Or reach us on the Internet at [*]http://www.intergraph.com. 

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B07) Division's VPX Image Generator and ProVision Systems

Division's VPX image generator board in an extended EISA board which 
offers up to 300,000 fully texture-mapped, z-buffered polygons per 
second, with screen-fill performance of more than 997 megapixels 
per second. The VPX board can render a single image (or a stereo 
image on the VPX-Stereo version only) in NTSC composite or Y/C video,
or field-sequential RGB formats. 

The VPX is available as an OEM PC card, for integration into the 
OEM's own PC platforms, or as a fully-configured development platform. 


The ProVision Merlin development platform for the VPX card includes 
a high-performance Pentium(R) processor, one, two, or three VPX graphics 
cards, standard MS-DOS PC I/O, and software development tools. The 
ProVision Merlin is a complete solution for manufacturers who want 
to immediately start development. 

The VPX board is also available in Division's ProVision 10 immersive 
virtual reality accelerator for the HP 700 range of UNIX workstations,
or in Division's ProVision 100 fully-integrated virtual reality workstation,
which includes an HMD, tracker, 3D audio, and all software required 
to create complex virtual environments without programming. 

A key feature of the VPX board is the outstanding pixel fill-rate 
needed to fill the large numbers of textured polygons required for 
visually-realistic, real-time applications. The VPX board has been 
developed from the outset for high-end simulation and entertainment 
applications, and is capable of a sustained 20-30Hz frame-rate with 
very rich visual content and 3D depth. The VPX is based on the University 
of North Carolina's patented Pixel-Planes (tm) massively parallel 
image generator technology. 


PRICING

ProVision Merlin - PC/DOS based graphics System, Pentium Option 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙PVMVPX1-PM: US$19,400 

The ProVision Merlin is an advanced virtual reality, simulation, 
or entertainment computer system with the VPX Pixel-Planes(tm) graphics. 
This 66 MHz Intel(R) Pentium(R) PC includes a compact, rugged, industrial-
class chassis, 300 watt power supply, 4 available EISA slots, a keyboard,
mouse, 16Mbytes RAM, 500Mbyte Disk, 14" color monitor, MS DOS, MS 
Windows, and a VPX-Mono image generator board. The ProVision Merlin 
supports mono head mounted displays and NTSC video monitors. The 
graphics system includes Division's dPL graphics runtime library 
for the VPX. One VPX-Mono image generator is included in this system. 


˙˙˙VPX-Mono image generator board DBE0150-M: US$14,900
(For OEM sales only. Requires upgraded power supply and cooling in 
host PC.) 
˙˙˙VPX-Stereo image generator board DBE0150-S: US$21,450
(For OEM sales only. Requires upgraded power supply and cooling in 
host PC.) 

The ProVision Merlin is also available in configurations with two 
or three VPX image generator boards, thus achieving up to six simultaneous 
out-the-window displays and 900,000 fully photo-textured, z-buffered 
polygons per second. 

For more information, contact: 

Pierre duPont [*]dupontp@division.co.uk
Marketing Director, Division Limited
19 Apex Court, Woodlands, Bristol UK BS12 4JT
phone: +44 1454 615554
fax: +44 1454 615532


They also have a web page at [*]http://www.division.com. 

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---------------------------------------------------------------------------

B08) Reality Simulation Systems Little Squirt

They had an experimental WWW server running, but it has been down.
The URL is [*]http://www.simsys.com/
You can get more info about the company by
1) [*]finger @simsys.com
2) mail [*]info@simsys.com 

For more information, contact: 

Reality Simulation Systems, Inc.
1223 Peoples Ave.
Troy, NY 12180
Phone: 518.276.3073
Fax: 518.276.6380 

[[*]return to index] 
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Complete Change History


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.6
Original now kept in html form and text version created by 
saving as text from Netscape. 
Changed entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙B08) Added snail mail and phone contacts. 


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.5 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Q02) added pointers to the OpenGL home page and the Viewperf 
˙˙˙ftp directory 


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.4
Changed Entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙GLINT04) Fixed area code in telephone number 


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.3
New entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙B07) Division's VPX Image Generator and ProVision Systems 
˙˙˙B08) Reality Simulation Systems Little Squirt 


˙˙˙Changes since version 0.1
New entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙Q02) How does the performance of these cards compare to graphics 
˙˙˙workstations such as those produced by SGI, Sun, DEC, etc? 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙CS03) S-MOS SPC1500 Geometry Processor 
˙˙˙B05) Oki TrianGL 
˙˙˙B06) Intergraph GLZ Series 


Changed entries: 
˙˙˙
˙˙˙CS01) Changed address of www site and added email contact. 
˙˙˙GLINT01) added pricing information 
˙˙˙B01) Historical correction. 
˙˙˙B04) Small change (VLbus parts may not exist) 
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