
        How to bug a room with a common or garden telephone.

                                 or

         The technology of Orwell's Big Brother *does* exist,
    and it's quite possible it already existed way back in 1984...
  -- so much for the Clipper jokes about 1984 being 10 years late...


I originally posted this info to comp.dcom.telecom.tech, but have been
asked to repost it a bit more widely for people who might have missed
it.  This technology has been rumoured about for a long time, but never
pinned down solidly until a case came before the Dutch courts in which
it was used.  People in various groups might like to discuss different
aspects of this - legal, political, technical and practical.  Followups
to your respective groups; flames for posting something so large to me
by email only.  (It was a difficult decision to make to post this big file
as widely, but I think I'm doing the right thing.  Apologies in advance
to anyone who gets any of these groups by limited mailfeed only.)

Some good questions for the non-techie groups:  does this sort of
bugging require a phone-tap order, or is it more like peering into
someone's home through the window from the street?  Just how much is
it being used already?  On whom?  Can you think of any cases where
secret technology like this is the most likely explanation of events?
UK people - what if System X exchanges already had this technology
built in? - with local enhancement of the signal using powerful FFTs,
it could them be gated anywhere in the UK.  Big Brother indeed.

>From now on my phone stays unplugged when not in use...

G

#########################################################################


This is a (very) rough translation of an article from the Dutch
underground phreak magazine, "HackTic", on how to bug phones that
are *on*-hook.  I.e. hung up.  Receiver down. On the cradle.

Following the text is 45K of compressed uuencoded postscript for you
to print out and keep - a circuit diagram that shows a working circuit
using this technique.

Don't mail me with questions about this, I just typed it in from
something I received in the post.  The original author is 'billsf'
and he apparently used to be on hacktic.nl, but I tried mailing him
there recently and it bounced.


If there's anything here you think sounds wrong, check the translation
first; I've only had a couple of semesters of night classes in this
language and I know some of my translation is dubious.

G

                                       "Afluisteren met de hoorn op de haak"
"Eavesdropping with the phone on the hook"

You probably read about it this summer Je hebt het deze zomer in de kranten
in the papers or saw it on TV: it's    kunnen lezen en op TV kunnen zien:
possible to listen in to the sounds    het is mogelijk om het geluid in
in a room using the microphone of a    een ruimte af te luistern door de
telephone whose handset is on hook.    microfoon van een telefoontoestel
                                       waarvan de hoorn op de haak ligt.


How hard the CO tried to show that     Hoe hard de PTT ook beweerde dat
this was nonsense - but a simple       het onzin was:  een simpel
demonstration worked wonders.          demonstratie deed wonderen.  De
The cameras from KRO-TV filmed how     camera's van KRO Brandpunt
our home-made equipment in the bedroom registreerden hoe het door ons
next door could clearly hear the       gebouwde apparaat vanuit de 
sounds in our living-room.  In this    slaapkamer keurig het geluid in
article we won't discuss the political onze woonkamer liet horen.  In dit
background or the legal case in which  artikel niets over de politieke
all this was relevant.  Here we show   achtergronden en geen woord over
only the basic technique on which it   de rechtszaak waarin dit alles een
all hinged.                            rol speelde.  Hier is slechts de
                                       rauwe techniek waar het allemaal
                                       om draait.


        Hoogfrequente wisselstromen

High-frequency alternating current

        Als je een T-65 telefoon van de PTT zou openschroeven en je zou de
        printbanen volgen, dan zou je opvallen dat het haakcontact de
        microfoon afsluit op het moment dat de horn op de haak wordt gelegt.

If you open a standard modern telephone and follow the printed
circuit board inside it, you'll discover that the hookswitch turns
off the microphone as soon as the receiver is placed on hook.

        Het is dus niet mogelijk om de microfoon te gebruiken zolang de
        hoorn op de haak ligt, er kan immers geen stroom doorheen lopen.

So it's not possible to use the microphone as long as the receiver
is on the cradle - there can never be any current flowing through it.

        Voor gelijkspanning is dat waar, mar voor een hoogfrequente
        wisselspanning werk het haakkontact als condensator.

Well, that's true for direct current, but for alternating current the
hookswitch works as a capacitor.

        Een condensator is immers in essentie niet anders dan twee dict bij
        elkaar gemonteerde plaatjes.

A capacitor is basically nothing more than two flat surfaces in close
proximity.

        De centrale zet een gelijkspanning op de lijn, en als de hoorn
        wordt opgepakt zal er een stroom door de telefoon gaan lopen.

The CO puts a direct current on the line, and when you pick up
the receiver, current can flow through the telephone.

        Deze stroom wordt gemoduleerd met het spraaksignal.

This current is modulated by the speech signal.

        Door in plaats van deze gelijkspanning een wisselspanning op de lijn
        te zetten kunnel we stroom door het toestel laten lopen zonder dat
        de hoorn opgetild hoeft te worden.

But if instead of a direct current, we put an alternatic current
on the line, we can let current flow through the set even though
the receiver has not been picked up.

        Deze wisselstrom wordt dan, net als de gelijkstroom wanneer de
        hoorn is opgetild, gemoduleerd door de microfoon in de hoorn.

So this alternating current, unlike the direct current when the phone
is hung up, is modulated by the microphone in the handset.

        Op de volgende pagina's een bouwsel dat de basisprincipes
        demonstreert.  Verwacht hiervan geen hi-fi.

On the following pages is a project that demonstrates the
basic principles.  Don't expect this to be hi-fi...



Bij het schema.

The Diagram.


        De 4046 wordt gebruikt als goedkope VCO (Voltage Controlled
        Oscillator).

The 4046 is used as a cheap VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator).

        Met de 33k weerstand op pin 11 werkt hij tussen de 30 tot 350KHz.

With the 33K (pulldown?) on pin 11, it works between 30 and 350 KHz.

        Met de potentiometer kun je de frequentie instellen.

You can set the frequency with the potentiometer.

        De uitgang van de 4046 kan niet genoeg stroom leveren
        om de spoel to laten resoneren.

The output of the 4046 isn't powerful enough to make the coil resonate.

        De transistors versterken de stroom zo'n honderd maal.

The transistors amplify the current about a hundredfold.

        De spoel is instelbar tussen de 1 en 50 miliHenry.

The coil is adjustable between 1 and 50 MilliHenries

        Deze spoel vormt samen met de capaciteit van de telefoon een
        afstemkring.

Together with the capacity of the telephone, the coil forms an
oscillator. (???)

        We brengen de telefoon in resonantie om een voltage op de lijn te
        krijgen dat hoog genoeg is om de microfoon te activieren.

We bring the telephone into resonance so that the voltage on the
line is high enough to activate the microphone.

        Alleen op het punt waarop de telefoon resoneert verwijnt alle ruis
        en wordt het geluid in de kamer hoorbar.

Only at the point where the telephone resonates does all the noise disappear
and the sound in the room become intelligible.

        De spoel wind je liefst om een kern waarbij al gegevens
        zitten die vertellen windingen je nodig hebt om tot ge
        gegeven inducties te komen.

You wind the coil yourself round a core which is already given
the specified windings you need to get the necessary inductances.
(??? - very dubious bit of translation here...)

        Tussen de spoel en de telefoon zit een diode die het signal oppikt.
        Het simpele detectorschakelingtje scheidt de audio van het
        hoogfrequente signaal.

Between the telephone and the coil sits a diode which picks up
the signal.  The simple detector circuit cuts out the audio from
the high frequency signal.

        De audio woordt tenslotte gefilterd en naar buiten gebracht, alwaar
        het verder wordt versterkt en hoorbar wordt gemaakt.

The audio is thus filtered and taken out, although it can be further
amplified and made intelligible.

        Billsf.

(End of text of article)
=============================================================

I faxed the diagram to myself and turned it into postscript - it came
out not too badly - you _can_ make out all the components if you
look closely and guess intelligently. (the only dubious one
is Q1 - BC337)

Instructions for printing:
        (trim off before the --cut line)
        uudecode (this file)
        compress -d infinity.ps.Z
        lpr -Pps infinity.ps    (or some local equivalent - print postscript)

(and don't ask for a text version, there isn't one)

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