NORFOLK ISLAND                                                                  
(territory of Australia)                                                        
GEOGRAPHY                                                                       
Total area: 34.6 km2; land area: 34.6 km2                                       
                                                                                
Comparative area: about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC                    
                                                                                
Land boundaries: none                                                           
                                                                                
Coastline: 32 km                                                                
                                                                                
Maritime claims:                                                                
                                                                                
Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;                                                 
                                                                                
Territorial sea: 3 nm                                                           
                                                                                
Climate: subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature variation               
                                                                                
Terrain: volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains                          
Natural resources: fish                                                         
                                                                                
Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures              
25%; forest and woodland 0%; other 75%                                          
                                                                                
Environment: subject to typhoons (especially May to July)                       
                                                                                
Note: located 1,575 km east of Australia in the South Pacific                   
Ocean                                                                           
                                                                                
PEOPLE                                                                          
Population: 2,576 (July 1991), growth rate NEGL% (1991)                         
                                                                                
Birth rate: NA births/1,000 population (1991)                                   
                                                                                
Death rate: NA deaths/1,000 population (1991)                                   
                                                                                
Net migration rate: NA migrants/1,000 population (1991)                         
                                                                                
Infant mortality rate: NA deaths/1,000 live births (1991)                       
                                                                                
Life expectancy at birth: NA years male, NA years female (1991)                 
                                                                                
Total fertility rate: NA children born/woman (1991)                             
                                                                                
Nationality: noun--Norfolk Islander(s);                                         
adjective--Norfolk Islander(s)                                                  
                                                                                
Ethnic divisions: descendants of the Bounty mutiny; more recently,              
Australian and New Zealand settlers                                             
                                                                                
Religion: Anglican 39%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in                 
Australia 16.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 4.4%, none 9.2%, unknown 16.9%,          
other 2.4% (1986)                                                               
                                                                                
Language: English (official) and Norfolk--a mixture of 18th century             
English and ancient Tahitian                                                    
                                                                                
Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)                                            
                                                                                
Labor force: NA                                                                 
                                                                                
Organized labor: NA                                                             
                                                                                
GOVERNMENT                                                                      
Long-form name: Territory of Norfolk Island                                     
                                                                                
Type: territory of Australia                                                    
                                                                                
Capital: Kingston (administrative center), Burnt Pine (commercial               
center)                                                                         
                                                                                
Administrative divisions: none (territory of Australia)                         
                                                                                
Independence: none (territory of Australia)                                     
                                                                                
Constitution: Norfolk Island Act of 1957                                        
                                                                                
Legal system: wide legislative and executive responsibility under               
the Norfolk Island Act of 1979; Supreme Court                                   
                                                                                
National holiday: Pitcairners Arrival Day Anniversary, 8 June                   
(1856)                                                                          
                                                                                
Executive branch: British monarch, governor general of Australia,               
administrator, Executive Council (cabinet)                                      
                                                                                
Legislative branch: unicameral Legislative Assembly                             
                                                                                
Judicial branch: Supreme Court                                                  
                                                                                
Leaders:                                                                        
                                                                                
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),                     
represented by Administrator H. B. MACDONALD (since NA 1989), who is            
appointed by the Governor General of Australia;                                 
                                                                                
Head of Government--Assembly President and Chief Minister John                  
Terence BROWN (since NA)                                                        
                                                                                
Political parties and leaders: NA                                               
                                                                                
Suffrage: universal at age 18                                                   
                                                                                
Elections:                                                                      
                                                                                
Legislative Assembly--last held 1989 (held every three years);                  
results--percent of vote by party NA;                                           
seats--(9 total) percent of seats by party NA                                   
                                                                                
Member of: none                                                                 
                                                                                
Diplomatic representation: none (territory of Australia)                        
                                                                                
Flag: three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green              
with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly            
wider white band                                                                
                                                                                
ECONOMY                                                                         
Overview: The primary economic activity is tourism, which has                   
brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific          
Islands. The number of visitors has increased steadily over the years and       
reached 29,000 in FY89. Revenues from tourism have given the                    
island a favorable balance of trade and helped the agricultural sector to       
become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.            
                                                                                
GDP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate NA%                                  
                                                                                
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%                                           
                                                                                
Unemployment rate: NA%                                                          
                                                                                
Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $4.2 million, including                      
capital expenditures of $400,000 (FY89)                                         
                                                                                
Exports: $1.7 million (f.o.b., FY86);                                           
                                                                                
commodities--postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine                   
and Kentia Palm, small quantities of avocados;                                  
partners--Australia, Pacific Islands, NZ, Asia, Europe                          
                                                                                
Imports: $15.6 million (c.i.f., FY86);                                          
                                                                                
commodities--NA;                                                                
                                                                                
partners--Australia, Pacific Islands, NZ, Asia, Europe                          
                                                                                
External debt: NA                                                               
                                                                                
Industrial production: growth rate NA%                                          
                                                                                
Electricity: 7,000 kW capacity; 8 million kWh produced,                         
3,160 kWh per capita (1990)                                                     
                                                                                
Industries: tourism                                                             
                                                                                
Agriculture: Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals,               
vegetables, fruit, cattle, poultry                                              
                                                                                
Economic aid: none                                                              
                                                                                
Currency: Australian dollar (plural--dollars);                                  
1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents                                            
                                                                                
Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$1--1.2834 (January               
1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987), 1.4905       
(1986), 1.4269 (1985)                                                           
                                                                                
Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June                                                     
                                                                                
COMMUNICATIONS                                                                  
Highways: 80 km of roads, including 53 km of sealed roads;                      
remainder are earth formed or coral surfaced                                    
                                                                                
Ports: none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade                            
                                                                                
Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runways 1,220-2,439 m                        
(Australian owned)                                                              
                                                                                
Telecommunications: 1,500 radio receivers (1982); radio link                    
service with Sydney; 987 telephones (1983); stations--1 AM, no FM, no TV        
                                                                                
DEFENSE FORCES                                                                  
Note: defense is the responsibility of Australia                                
                                                                                
