GRENADA                                                                         
GEOGRAPHY                                                                       
Total area: 340 km2; land area: 340 km2                                         
                                                                                
Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Washington,              
DC                                                                              
Land boundaries: none                                                           
                                                                                
Coastline: 121 km                                                               
                                                                                
Maritime claims:                                                                
                                                                                
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;                                                
                                                                                
Territorial sea: 12 nm                                                          
                                                                                
Climate: tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds                            
                                                                                
Terrain: volcanic in origin with central mountains                              
                                                                                
Natural resources: timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors                    
                                                                                
Land use: arable land 15%; permanent crops 26%; meadows and                     
pastures 3%; forest and woodland 9%; other 47%                                  
                                                                                
Environment: lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season                   
lasts from June to November                                                     
                                                                                
Note: islands of the Grenadines group are divided politically                   
with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines                                           
                                                                                
PEOPLE                                                                          
Population: 83,812 (July 1991), growth rate - 0.4% (1991)                       
                                                                                
Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1991)                                   
                                                                                
Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)                                    
                                                                                
Net migration rate: - 32 migrants/1,000 population (1991)                       
                                                                                
Infant mortality rate: 29 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)                       
                                                                                
Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 74 years female (1991)                 
                                                                                
Total fertility rate: 4.7 children born/woman (1991)                            
                                                                                
Nationality: noun--Grenadian(s); adjective--Grenadian                           
                                                                                
Ethnic divisions: mainly of black African descent                               
                                                                                
Religion: largely Roman Catholic; Anglican; other Protestant sects              
                                                                                
Language: English (official); some French patois                                
                                                                                
Literacy: 98% (male 98%, female 98%) age 15 and over having ever                
attended school (1970)                                                          
                                                                                
Labor force: 36,000; services 31%, agriculture 24%, construction                
8%, manufacturing 5%, other 32% (1985)                                          
                                                                                
Organized labor: 20% of labor force                                             
                                                                                
GOVERNMENT                                                                      
Long-form name: none                                                            
                                                                                
Type: parliamentary democracy                                                   
                                                                                
Capital: Saint George's                                                         
                                                                                
Administrative divisions: 6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou               
and Little Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint          
John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick                                                 
                                                                                
Independence: 7 February 1974 (from UK)                                         
                                                                                
Constitution: 19 December 1973                                                  
                                                                                
Legal system: based on English common law                                       
                                                                                
National holiday: Independence Day, 7 February (1974)                           
                                                                                
Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime                      
minister, Ministers of Government (cabinet)                                     
                                                                                
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of an upper                   
house or Senate and a lower house or House of Representatives                   
                                                                                
Judicial branch: Supreme Court                                                  
                                                                                
Leaders:                                                                        
                                                                                
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),                     
represented by Governor General Sir Paul SCOON (since 30 September 1978);       
                                                                                
Head of Government--Prime Minister Nicholas BRATHWAITE                          
(since 13 March 1990)                                                           
                                                                                
Political parties and leaders:                                                  
National Democratic Congress (NDC), Nicholas BRATHWAITE;                        
Grenada United Labor Party (GULP), Sir Eric GAIRY;                              
The National Party (TNP), Ben JONES; New National Party (NNP), Keith            
MITCHELL;                                                                       
Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (MBPM), Terrence MERRYSHOW;                   
New Jewel Movement (NJM), Bernard COARD                                         
                                                                                
Suffrage: universal at age 18                                                   
                                                                                
Elections:                                                                      
                                                                                
House of Representatives--last held on 13 March 1990 (next                      
to be held by March 1996);                                                      
results--percent of vote by party NA;                                           
seats--(15 total) NDC 8, GULP 3, TNP 2, NNP 2                                   
                                                                                
Communists: about 450 members of the New Jewel Movement                         
(pro-Soviet) and the Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (pro-Cuban)              
                                                                                
Member of: ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,                  
ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LAES, LORCS,               
NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,                    
WHO, WTO                                                                        
                                                                                
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Denneth MODESTE; Chancery at              
1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202)              
265-2561; there is a Grenadian Consulate General in New York;                   
US--Charge d'Affaires Annette VELER; Embassy at Ross Point Inn,                 
Saint George's (mailing address is P. O. Box 54, Saint George's);               
telephone (809) 444-1173 through 1178                                           
                                                                                
Flag: a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and             
bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side) with a red border       
around the flag; there are seven yellow five-pointed stars with three           
centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border,        
and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is          
also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the           
world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven          
stars represent the seven administrative divisions                              
                                                                                
ECONOMY                                                                         
Overview: The economy is essentially agricultural and centers on                
the traditional production of spices and tropical plants. Agriculture           
accounts for about 16% of GDP and 80% of exports and employs 24% of the         
labor force. Tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner, followed by        
agricultural exports. Manufacturing remains relatively undeveloped, but         
is expected to grow, given a more favorable private investment climate          
since 1983. Despite an impressive average annual growth rate for the            
economy of 5.6% during the period 1986-90, unemployment remains high            
at about 25%.                                                                   
                                                                                
GDP: $200.7 million, per capita $2,390 (1989); real growth rate                 
5.4% (1990)                                                                     
                                                                                
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.0% (1990)                                   
                                                                                
Unemployment rate: 25% (1990 est.)                                              
                                                                                
Budget: revenues $54.9 million; expenditures $77.6 million,                     
including capital expenditures of $16.6 million (1990 est.)                     
                                                                                
Exports: $27.9 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);                                     
                                                                                
commodities--nutmeg 36%, cocoa beans 9%, bananas 14%, mace 8%,                  
textiles 5;                                                                     
                                                                                
partners--US 12%, UK, FRG, Netherlands, Trinidad and Tobago (1989)              
                                                                                
Imports: $115.6 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.);                                    
                                                                                
commodities--food 25%, manufactured goods 22%, machinery 20%,                   
chemicals 10%, fuel 6% (1989);                                                  
                                                                                
partners--US 29%, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1989)                 
                                                                                
External debt: $90 million (1990 est.)                                          
                                                                                
Industrial production: growth rate 5.8% (1989 est.); accounts                   
for 6% of GDP                                                                   
                                                                                
Electricity: 12,500 kW capacity; 26 million kWh produced,                       
310 kWh per capita (1990)                                                       
                                                                                
Industries: food and beverage, textile, light assembly operations,              
tourism, construction                                                           
                                                                                
Agriculture: accounts for 16% of GDP and 80% of exports; bananas,               
cocoa, nutmeg, and mace account for two-thirds of total crop production;        
world's second-largest producer and fourth-largest exporter of nutmeg           
and mace; small-size farms predominate, growing a variety of citrus             
fruits, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, and vegetables                   
                                                                                
Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY84-89), $60                    
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments          
(1970-88), $67 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $32 million              
                                                                                
Currency: East Caribbean dollar (plural--dollars);                              
1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents                                                   
                                                                                
Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1--2.70 (fixed              
rate since 1976)                                                                
                                                                                
Fiscal year: calendar year                                                      
                                                                                
COMMUNICATIONS                                                                  
Highways: 1,000 km total; 600 km paved, 300 km otherwise improved;              
100 km unimproved                                                               
                                                                                
Ports: Saint George's                                                           
                                                                                
Civil air: no major transport aircraft                                          
                                                                                
Airports: 3 total, 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways;                  
none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;                   
1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m                                                    
                                                                                
Telecommunications: automatic, islandwide telephone system with                 
5,650 telephones; new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;       
VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV        
                                                                                
DEFENSE FORCES                                                                  
Branches: Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard                               
                                                                                
Manpower availability: NA                                                       
                                                                                
Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP                                           
                                                                                
