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          ARRoGANT                CoURiERS      WiTH     ESSaYS

Grade Level:       Type of Work           Subject/Topic is on:
 [ ]6-8                 [ ]Class Notes    [Essay on 13 Colonies.   ]
 [x]9-10                [ ]Cliff Notes    [                        ]
 [x]11-12               [x]Essay/Report   [                        ]
 [ ]College             [ ]Misc           [                        ]

 Date: 06/94  # of Words:982   School:Public - COED   State:NY
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                    Essay on Colonies

     The New England and Southern Colonies were both settled

largely by the English. By 1700, the regions had evolved into two

distinct societies.

     The southern colonies have characteristics that are the

antithesis of the New England colonies attributes.

New England was colonized for Freedom of Worship and freedom of

political thought. The Southern colonies were developed for

freedom of economic opportunity. The New England colonies had

aspirations for a distinct society, where they could show their

homeland, how a country should be run. The southern colonies had

goals for mercantilism, and increasing the prosperity of England.

The New England colonies were based on theocracy, where the state

forced the people to live and worship in an orthodox way.

The southern colonies(Virginia) had a government based on a royal

government, where the state was governed by a governor and

council named by the king, and an elected assembly chosen by the

people. Finally, the New England colonies wanted to establish the

colony for religious motives, while the southern colonies were

established for economic motives.

     England and the rebels of England (Pilgrims), made up the

New England and southern colonies. "God Almighty in his most holy

and wise providence hath so disposed of the condition of mankind,

in all times some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent

in power and dignity, other mean and in subjection. Yet we must

be knit together in this work as one man."(John Winthrop, A Model

of Christian Charity) This statement by John Winthrop,

demonstrates importance of religion in the lives of the New

England settlers. "We must delight in each other, make others'

conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and

suffer together, always having before our eyes our commission and

community in the work, our community as members of the same

body." (John Winthrop, A Model of Christian Charity).

The use of the word "together" and "community" indicates that the

New England settlers were of a communal nature, they were less

individualistic than the southern colonies. The New England

colonies were based on religious freedom, thus their society was

reflected the religion. 

"These underwritten names are to be transported to Virginia,

embarked in the Merchant's Hope, Hugh Weston, Master, per

examination by the minister of Gravesend touching upon their

conformity to the Church discipline of England, and have taken

oaths of allegiance and supremacy:" (Ship's List of Emigrants

Bound for Virginia). The use of the word "Master", shows, that

the southern colonies were more of a individualistic state rather

than a communal state(New England). This individualism was the

effect of the motivation of the southern colonies for economic

opportunity. 

"We whose names are underwritten, being by God's providnce

engaged together to make a plantation...." (Articles of

Agreement). The New England settlers, again were of a communal

nature, in how they are binding together for the good of the

community. "We intend by God's grace, as soon as we can with all

convenient speed, to procure some Godly and faithful minster with

whom we purpose to join in church covenant to walk in the ways of

Christ."(Articles of Agreement). The statement above, shows how

the minister, was the head of the theocracy, of the small

communities. Furthermore, the "Articles of Agreement",

demonstates the importance of sharing within the community. This

article, was another product of the motivation of the New England

settlers for religious freedom.

"This court... in the interim recommends [that] all tradesmen and

laborers consider the religious end of their callings...". The

puritans believed everyone had a specific duty in life, something

that one was proficient at. Almost all the mores and society

itself radiated from religion, as a result, many people who

couldn't endure the rigidity of such a society were exiled and

the dissenters created new societies.

"The worst[among us were the gold seekers who]with their golden

promises made all men their slaves in hope of recompenses. There

was no talk... but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold.."

(Captain John Smith, History of Virginia).

The southern colonists were a people who settled in the southern

colonies for econmic motives. The people were more materialistic,

and individualistic, thus greed prevailed. Conversely, the New

England settlers were of a spiritual nature, and were

dispassionate in materialistic matters. The drive of the southern

colonists were toward economic prosperity.

"For by our nearest computation we leave at our backs as many

servants(besides Negroes) as there are friedman to defend the

shores and all our frontiers [against] the Indians....[This]

gives men fearful apprehensions of the danger they leave their

estates and families in, while they are drawn from their houses

to defend the borders."(Governor Berkeley and His Council on

Their Inability to defend Virginia Against a Dutch Attack).

The southern colonists were protective of their land, and were

seeking more and more land. The colonists' idea was for more

economic prosperity coming from more and more land. 

The southern colonists were motivated for economic prosperity.

"Let us observe the sudden rise of their estates...[compared]

with the quality in which they first entered this country."

(Bacons "Manifesto"). 

This statement shows how the southern colonists had progressed by

arriving to America because of their economic motivation.

The advancement is a result of economic drive toward prosperity.
     
     The colonies were settled chiefly by the same race of

people. The distinct quality that seperated the southern

colonists from the New England colonists is that the motivation

of the two were distinct, and as a result two colonies diverged

in their goals. The southern colonists were aiming for economic

prosperity; the presence of vast quantities of cheap land in

America opened opportunities for economic advancement unknown in

overcrowded Europe. The religious freedom was a major

contribution because in Europe religious toleration was almost

unknown, and dissenters were looked down upon.
